Olino Thomas M, Silk Jennifer S, Osterritter Catherine, Forbes Erika E
1 Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
2 Department of Psychology, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2015 Nov;25(9):711-21. doi: 10.1089/cap.2014.0165. Epub 2015 Oct 15.
Offspring of depressed parents are at risk for developing depression at rates higher than the general population. One potential mechanism linking parent and offspring depression involves attenuated reward function. Despite the importance of social incentives for adolescents, no previous studies have relied on active social incentive reward paradigms in youth at risk for depression. The present study examined differences in youth self- and parent-report measures of and neural response to social reward between youth of mothers with and those of mothers without a history of depression.
Imaging data were collected on 10 youth with a depressed parent and 23 youth without depressed parent, which included a task examining neural response to social rewards. Youth and parents also completed self-report measures of social reward.
Offspring of depressed parents had lower levels of parent-reported affiliation and reduced neural response to social reward in the ventral striatum and anterior cingulate cortex than offspring of parents without a history of depression. Higher parent-reported affiliation was associated with greater ventral striatal response to social reward. Data suggest that risk status differences in ventral striatal response to social acceptance may be accounted for by affiliation. No differences were found in youth self-reports of behavior.
The results suggest that attenuated response to social reward, assessed through neurobiology and behavior, may be mechanistically linked to the etiology and pathophysiology of depression. Targeting social interest and engagement may be a new direction in preventing the onset of depressive disorders in youth.
父母患有抑郁症的后代患抑郁症的风险高于普通人群。一种将父母与后代抑郁症联系起来的潜在机制涉及奖赏功能减弱。尽管社会激励对青少年很重要，但以前没有研究在有抑郁症风险的青少年中采用积极的社会激励奖赏范式。本研究考察了有抑郁症病史母亲的青少年与无抑郁症病史母亲的青少年在社会奖赏的自我报告和父母报告测量以及神经反应方面的差异。
收集了10名父母患有抑郁症的青少年和23名父母未患抑郁症的青少年的成像数据，其中包括一项考察对社会奖赏的神经反应的任务。青少年和父母还完成了社会奖赏的自我报告测量。
与父母无抑郁症病史的后代相比，父母患有抑郁症的后代在父母报告的亲密关系水平上较低，腹侧纹状体和前扣带回皮质对社会奖赏的神经反应也较弱。父母报告的亲密关系水平较高与腹侧纹状体对社会奖赏的更大反应相关。数据表明，腹侧纹状体对社会接纳的反应中的风险状态差异可能由亲密关系来解释。在青少年的行为自我报告中未发现差异。
结果表明，通过神经生物学和行为评估的对社会奖赏的反应减弱可能在机制上与抑郁症的病因和病理生理学相关。针对社会兴趣和参与可能是预防青少年抑郁症发作的一个新方向。
