Riechmann Hannes, Finke Andrea, Ritter Helge
IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2016 Jun;24(6):692-9. doi: 10.1109/TNSRE.2015.2490621. Epub 2015 Oct 14.
Brain-computer interfaces provide a means for controlling a device by brain activity alone. One major drawback of noninvasive BCIs is their low information transfer rate, obstructing a wider deployment outside the lab. BCIs based on codebook visually evoked potentials (cVEP) outperform all other state-of-the-art systems in that regard. Previous work investigated cVEPs for spelling applications. We present the first cVEP-based BCI for use in real-world settings to accomplish everyday tasks such as navigation or action selection. To this end, we developed and evaluated a cVEP-based on-line BCI that controls a virtual agent in a simulated, but realistic, 3-D kitchen scenario. We show that cVEPs can be reliably triggered with stimuli in less restricted presentation schemes, such as on dynamic, changing backgrounds. We introduce a novel, dynamic repetition algorithm that allows for optimizing the balance between accuracy and speed individually for each user. Using these novel mechanisms in a 12-command cVEP-BCI in the 3-D simulation results in ITRs of 50 bits/min on average and 68 bits/min maximum. Thus, this work supports the notion of cVEP-BCIs as a particular fast and robust approach suitable for real-world use.
脑机接口提供了一种仅通过大脑活动来控制设备的方式。非侵入式脑机接口的一个主要缺点是其信息传输速率较低，这阻碍了其在实验室之外更广泛的应用。基于码本视觉诱发电位（cVEP）的脑机接口在这方面优于所有其他先进系统。先前的工作研究了用于拼写应用的cVEP。我们展示了首个基于cVEP的脑机接口，用于现实场景中以完成诸如导航或动作选择等日常任务。为此，我们开发并评估了一种基于cVEP的在线脑机接口，该接口在模拟但逼真的三维厨房场景中控制一个虚拟代理。我们表明，在限制较少的呈现方案中，例如在动态变化的背景上，cVEP可以通过刺激可靠地触发。我们引入了一种新颖的动态重复算法，该算法允许为每个用户单独优化准确性和速度之间的平衡。在三维模拟中的一个12指令cVEP脑机接口中使用这些新颖机制，平均信息传输速率为50比特/分钟，最高可达68比特/分钟。因此，这项工作支持了cVEP脑机接口是一种特别快速且强大的适用于现实应用的方法这一观点。
