Yang Qian, Zhang Jian, Song Zhanyun, Zheng Yan, Wang Xianghui, Sui Jiachen, Wang Zhenguo, Mou Jun
Bing Du Xue Bao. 2015 May;31(3):318-25.
In nature, honeybees are the most important pollinators. They play a vital role in both protecting the diversity of natural ecosystems, and maintaining the yield-improving effects of agroecosystems. But in recent years, epidemic disease in bees has caused huge losses. Black Queen Cell Virus (BQCV) is a bee pathogen that was first reported in 1955. It mainly infects bee larvae and pupae, making their bodies turn dark and black, and causing a massive decrease in the bee population. More specifically, the virus makes the exterior of the cell walls in the larvae and pupae turn black. BQCV is a seasonal epidemic, spread by means horizontal and vertical transmission, and is often unapparent. BQCV not only infects a variety of bee species, but also spiders, centipedes and other arthropods. It can also be coinfected with other honeybee viruses. In recent years, research has shown that the Nosema intestinal parasite plays an important role in BQCV transmission and bees carrying Nosema that become infected with BQCV have increased mortality. Here we summarize current research on the incidence, prevalence, geographical distribution and transmission of BQCV.
在自然界中，蜜蜂是最重要的传粉者。它们在保护自然生态系统多样性和维持农业生态系统增产效应方面都发挥着至关重要的作用。但近年来，蜜蜂疫病已造成巨大损失。黑蜂王台病毒（BQCV）是一种于1955年首次报道的蜜蜂病原体。它主要感染蜜蜂幼虫和蛹，使它们的身体变黑，导致蜜蜂数量大幅减少。更具体地说，该病毒会使幼虫和蛹的细胞壁外部变黑。BQCV是一种季节性流行病，通过水平和垂直传播方式传播，且通常不明显。BQCV不仅感染多种蜜蜂品种，还感染蜘蛛、蜈蚣和其他节肢动物。它也可能与其他蜜蜂病毒发生混合感染。近年来的研究表明，肠道微孢子虫寄生虫在BQCV传播中起重要作用，感染BQCV的携带微孢子虫的蜜蜂死亡率会增加。在此，我们总结了当前关于BQCV发病率、流行率（患病率）、地理分布和传播的研究情况。
