Kekkaku. 2015 Mar;90(3):437-43.
This is the first in a 4-series report based on the Tuberculosis Annual Report 2013. It summarizes general tuberculosis (TB) statistics and gives an overview of foreign-born TB patients notified and registered in Japan in 2013. TB notification has continued to decline since 2000, and a total of 20,495 patients with all forms of TB were notified in 2013, with a rate per 100,000 population of 16.1. The age of TB patients has increased, with 57.4% of all TB patients in 2013 more than 70 years old. The number of patients with latent TB infection drastically increased from 4,930 in 2010 to 10,046 in 2011, but has been declining since. The number of foreign-born TB patients increased from 739 in 1998 to 1,064 in 2013; similarly, the proportion of foreign-born patients among all TB patients increased from 2.1% in 1998 to 5.4% in 2013. Foreign-born TB patients aged 20-29 years accounted for 42.7% of all new TB patients in the same age group in 2013. Among foreign-born TB patients, more than half were from China (27.4%) and the Philippines (24.1%). Younger patients were more likely to have entered Japan within the previous 5 years (61.5% and 61.3% of foreign-born patients in their teens and twenties, respectively). The largest occupational category was "regular employees" (25%), which excluded service workers, health care workers, and teachers, followed by students (24%) and unemployed people (21 %). With the government relaxing restrictions on entry of foreign workers to cope with labor shortage in the construction industry ahead of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, both the number and proportion of foreign-born TB patients is also expected to rise. Comprehensive programs are urgently required to ensure early diagnosis and treatment completion among one of the vulnerable populations in Japan.
这是基于《2013年结核病年度报告》的系列报道中的第一篇。它总结了结核病总体统计数据，并概述了2013年在日本通报和登记的外国出生的结核病患者情况。自2000年以来，结核病通报数量持续下降，2013年共通报了20495例各类结核病患者，每10万人口的发病率为16.1。结核病患者的年龄有所增加，2013年所有结核病患者中有57.4%的人年龄超过70岁。潜伏性结核感染患者数量从2010年的4930例急剧增加到2011年的10046例，但此后一直在下降。外国出生的结核病患者数量从1998年的739例增加到2013年的1064例；同样，外国出生患者在所有结核病患者中的比例从1998年的2.1%增加到2013年的5.4%。2013年，20至29岁的外国出生结核病患者占同一年龄组所有新结核病患者的42.7%。在外国出生的结核病患者中，一半以上来自中国（27.4%）和菲律宾（24.1%）。较年轻的患者更有可能在过去5年内进入日本（十几岁和二十几岁的外国出生患者分别为61.5%和61.3%）。最大的职业类别是“正式员工”（25%），不包括服务行业工作者、医护人员和教师，其次是学生（24%）和失业人员（21%）。随着政府为应对2020年东京奥运会前建筑业劳动力短缺而放宽对外国工人入境的限制，外国出生的结核病患者数量及其比例预计也会上升。迫切需要综合项目，以确保对日本弱势群体之一进行早期诊断并完成治疗。
