Jerome G J, Myers V H, Young D R, Matthews-Ewald M R, Coughlin J W, Wingo B C, Ard J D, Champagne C M, Funk K L, Stevens V J, Brantley P J
Department of Kinesiology, Towson University, Towson, MD, USA.
Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Clin Obes. 2015 Dec;5(6):342-8. doi: 10.1111/cob.12120. Epub 2015 Oct 21.
This paper examined the psychosocial predictors of weight loss among race and sex subgroups. Analyses included overweight and obese participants from the PREMIER study, a previously published randomized trial that examined the effects of two multi-component lifestyle interventions on blood pressure among pre-hypertensive and stage 1 hypertensive adults. Both intervention conditions received behavioural recommendations for weight loss and group sessions. Weight and psychosocial measures of self-efficacy and social support for diet and exercise were assessed at baseline and at 6 months. There were 157 African-American (AA) women, 46 AA men, 203 non-AA women and 182 non-AA men with an average age of 50 years and average body mass index of 34 at baseline. Multiple predictor regression models were performed individually by race and sex subgroup. Among AA women, increases in diet self-efficacy were associated with weight loss. Among AA men, increases in diet-related social support and self-efficacy, along with increases in family support to exercise, were associated with weight loss (all Ps <0.05). Among non-AA women, increases in friends' support to exercise and exercise-related self-efficacy were associated with weight loss, and among non-AA men only increases in diet self-efficacy were associated with weight loss (all Ps <0.05). These results emphasize the need for targeted interventions based on race and sex to optimize the impact of lifestyle-based weight loss programmes.
本文研究了种族和性别亚组中体重减轻的社会心理预测因素。分析纳入了来自PREMIER研究的超重和肥胖参与者，该研究是一项先前发表的随机试验，研究了两种多成分生活方式干预对高血压前期和1期高血压成年人血压的影响。两种干预条件都接受了关于体重减轻的行为建议和小组课程。在基线和6个月时评估了体重以及自我效能和饮食与运动的社会支持等社会心理指标。基线时，有157名非裔美国（AA）女性、46名AA男性、203名非AA女性和182名非AA男性，平均年龄50岁，平均体重指数为34。按种族和性别亚组分别进行了多个预测因素回归模型分析。在AA女性中，饮食自我效能的提高与体重减轻相关。在AA男性中，与饮食相关的社会支持和自我效能的提高，以及家庭对运动支持的增加，与体重减轻相关（所有P<0.05）。在非AA女性中，朋友对运动的支持和与运动相关的自我效能的提高与体重减轻相关，而在非AA男性中，只有饮食自我效能的提高与体重减轻相关（所有P<0.05）。这些结果强调了需要基于种族和性别进行有针对性的干预，以优化基于生活方式的体重减轻计划的效果。
