Wong Frances Kam Yuet, Liu Huaping, Wang Hui, Anderson Debra, Seib Charrlotte, Molasiotis Alex
Pi Iota, Professor, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China SAR.
Epsilon Zeta, Professor & Director of WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Policy-Making and Quality Management, School of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2015 Nov;47(6):574-83. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12174. Epub 2015 Oct 21.
To analyze World Health Organization (WHO) documents to identify global nursing issues and development.
Qualitative content analysis.
Documents published by the six WHO regions between 2007 and 2012 and with key words related to nurse/midwife or nursing/midwifery were included. Themes, categories, and subcategories were derived. The final coding reached 80% agreement among three independent coders, and the final coding for the discrepant coding was reached by consensus.
Thirty-two documents from the regions of Europe (n = 19), the Americas (n = 6), the Western Pacific (n = 4), Africa (n = 1), the Eastern Mediterranean (n = 1), and Southeast Asia (n = 1) were examined. A total of 385 units of analysis dispersed in 31 subcategories under four themes were derived. The four themes derived (number of unit of analysis, %) were Management & Leadership (206, 53.5), Practice (75, 19.5), Education (70, 18.2), and Research (34, 8.8).
The key nursing issues of concern at the global level are workforce, the impacts of nursing in health care, professional status, and education of nurses. International alliances can help advance nursing, but the visibility of nursing in the WHO needs to be strengthened.
Organizational leadership is important in order to optimize the use of nursing competence in practice and inform policy makers regarding the value of nursing to promote people's health.
分析世界卫生组织（WHO）文件，以确定全球护理问题及发展情况。
定性内容分析。
纳入2007年至2012年间由WHO六个区域发布且关键词与护士/助产士或护理/助产相关的文件。得出主题、类别和子类别。最终编码在三位独立编码员之间达成80%的一致，对于有差异的编码通过共识达成最终编码。
审查了来自欧洲区域（n = 19）、美洲区域（n = 6）、西太平洋区域（n = 4）、非洲区域（n = 1）、东地中海区域（n = 1）和东南亚区域（n = 1）的32份文件。共得出385个分析单元，分布在四个主题下的31个子类别中。得出的四个主题（分析单元数量，%）分别为管理与领导（206，53.5）、实践（75，19.5）、教育（70，18.2）和研究（34，8.8）。
全球层面关注的关键护理问题是劳动力、护理在医疗保健中的影响、专业地位以及护士教育。国际联盟有助于推动护理发展，但护理在WHO中的能见度有待加强。
组织领导对于在实践中优化护理能力的使用以及让政策制定者了解护理对促进人们健康的价值非常重要。
