Afzal Muhammad Babar Shahzad, Shad Sarfraz Ali, Abbas Naeem
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
Genetica. 2015 Dec;143(6):741-9. doi: 10.1007/s10709-015-9871-0. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
The cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) has gained recognition as a key pest due to its invasive nature throughout the world. The P. solenopsis has a wide range of host plants and damages the cotton crop in various parts of the world. In view of the economic importance of this pest, a study on selection, inheritance and mechanism of spinosad resistance was conducted on P. solenopsis. Selection of field collected P. solenopsis for seven generations with spinosad resulted in a high resistance ratio of 282.45-fold. Genetic studies of spinosad resistance in P. solenopsis indicated that maternal effects are not involved in spinosad resistance; and resistance development is an autosomal and incompletely dominant trait. The number of genes involved in spinosad resistance was determined to be more than one, suggesting that resistance is controlled by multiple loci. The realized heritability (h (2)) value for spinosad resistance was 0.94. Synergism bioassays of spinosad with piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate showed that spinosad resistance in P. solenopsis could be due to esterase only. The study provides the basic information for implementation of effective resistance management strategies to control P. solenopsis.
棉粉蚧，扶桑绵粉蚧（半翅目：粉蚧科），因其在全球的入侵性而成为一种关键害虫。扶桑绵粉蚧寄主植物范围广泛，对世界各地的棉花作物造成损害。鉴于这种害虫的经济重要性，对扶桑绵粉蚧进行了多杀菌素抗性的选择、遗传及机制研究。用多杀菌素对田间采集的扶桑绵粉蚧进行七代筛选，导致其抗性比高达282.45倍。扶桑绵粉蚧对多杀菌素抗性的遗传研究表明，母系效应不参与多杀菌素抗性；抗性发育是常染色体且不完全显性的性状。确定参与多杀菌素抗性的基因不止一个，这表明抗性受多个基因座控制。多杀菌素抗性的实现遗传力（h²）值为0.94。多杀菌素与胡椒基丁醚及三硫磷的增效生物测定表明，扶桑绵粉蚧对多杀菌素的抗性可能仅归因于酯酶。该研究为实施有效的抗性管理策略以防治扶桑绵粉蚧提供了基础信息。
