Edward Karen-leigh, Stephenson John, Ousey Karen, Lui Steve, Warelow Philip, Giandinoto Jo-Ann
Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia.
Nursing Research Unit, St Vincent's Private Hospital (Melbourne), Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
J Clin Nurs. 2016 Feb;25(3-4):289-99. doi: 10.1111/jocn.13019. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
The aim of this meta-analysis was to identify the factors that related to aggression (verbal abuse or physical abuse/assault) perpetrated against the nurse or other health professionals by patients/relatives or staff. In the light of the paucity of systematic reviews on this common issue in nursing, the objective was to present a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of these papers.
Aggression towards nurses is common around the world and can be the impetus for nurses leaving the profession or developing anxiety when working in particular settings.
Systematic review with meta-analysis.
Meta-analyses were conducted to assess the effect of the factors of gender and context (dichotomised as mental health/psychiatric or nonmental health/psychiatric). The databases of Medline (1966-2015), CINAHL (1982-2015) and PsychInfo (1920-2015).
A total of 1571 papers were screened by two reviewers. At the final decision 14 were selected for analysis. A higher proportion of female nurses than male nurses were reported to be the victims of verbal abuse, with the difference in proportions being statistically significant. A statistically significant higher proportion of male nurses than female nurses were reported to be the victims of physical abuse. There was a significantly higher proportion of mental health nurses reported experiencing physical abuse as compared to nonmental health nurses.
The analysis reveal female nurses have greater odds of verbal abuse than male nurses and male nurses have greater odds of physical abuse than female nurses. Overall mental health nurses had three times higher odds of physical assault than other nurses.
In the light of the findings it is recommended organisational support improve in high aggression potential clinical areas and for nursing curriculums to incorporate education about the management of challenging behaviours in undergraduate programmes.
本荟萃分析的目的是确定与患者/亲属或工作人员对护士或其他医护人员实施攻击行为（言语辱骂或身体虐待/攻击）相关的因素。鉴于针对护理领域这一常见问题的系统评价较少，目标是对这些论文进行全面的系统评价和荟萃分析。
对护士的攻击行为在全球范围内都很常见，可能促使护士离开该职业，或在特定工作环境中产生焦虑情绪。
采用荟萃分析的系统评价。
进行荟萃分析以评估性别和环境因素（分为心理健康/精神科或非心理健康/精神科）的影响。检索了Medline（1966 - 2015年）、CINAHL（1982 - 2015年）和PsychInfo（1920 - 2015年）数据库。
两名评审员共筛选了1571篇论文。最终选定14篇进行分析。据报告，遭受言语辱骂的女护士比例高于男护士，比例差异具有统计学意义。据报告，遭受身体虐待的男护士比例高于女护士，且具有统计学意义。与非心理健康护士相比，心理健康护士遭受身体虐待的比例显著更高。
分析表明，女护士遭受言语虐待的几率高于男护士，男护士遭受身体虐待的几率高于女护士。总体而言，心理健康护士遭受身体攻击的几率是其他护士的三倍。
根据研究结果，建议在高攻击风险的临床领域加强组织支持，并在本科课程的护理课程中纳入应对挑战行为管理的教育内容。
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