Vandentorren Stéphanie, Le Méner Erwan, Oppenchaim Nicolas, Arnaud Amandine, Jangal Candy, Caum Carme, Vuillermoz Cécile, Martin-Fernandez Judith, Lioret Sandrine, Roze Mathilde, Le Strat Yann, Guyavarch Emmanuelle
Observatoire du Samusocial de Paris, Paris, France Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), F75012, Paris, France Institut de veille sanitaire, département des alertes et coordination des régions, Saint Maurice, France.
Observatoire du Samusocial de Paris, Paris, France.
Eur J Public Health. 2016 Feb;26(1):71-6. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv187. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
The objectives were to estimate the size of homeless family population in Paris region, to describe their living conditions and health and to analyse the impact of homelessness on children's growth and development, which was never investigated in France.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a random sample of homeless sheltered families in 2013. Families were interviewed in 17 languages and a nurse took anthropometric measures, blood samples and collected health data from child health reports.
The population size was estimated at 10 280 families. Half were single-parent female families and 94% were born outside France. Most families had experienced housing instability and 94% were living below the poverty line (828 euros/month). Malnutrition was a major problem: the prevalence of food insecurity was high (77% of parents and 69% of children), as well as anaemia (50% of mothers and 38% of children), overweight (38% of mothers and 22% of children) and obesity (32% of mothers and 4% of children). High rates of depressive disorders were found in 30% of homeless mothers and 20% of children had signs of possible mental health disorders.
These first results highlight the important number of families among the homeless population in Paris region. Families differed from other homeless people regarding social characteristics such as birthplace, single-parent status and residential instability that are likely to influence schooling, social ties, health and access to care. These results demonstrate the need for urgent actions targeting homeless families, in terms of reducing housing instability and providing adequate care, especially for children.
目标是估计巴黎地区无家可归家庭人口的规模，描述他们的生活条件和健康状况，并分析无家可归对儿童生长发育的影响，这在法国从未被研究过。
2013年对无家可归的受庇护家庭的随机样本进行了横断面调查。用17种语言对家庭进行访谈，一名护士进行人体测量、采集血样并从儿童健康报告中收集健康数据。
估计人口规模为10280个家庭。一半是单亲女性家庭，94%出生在法国境外。大多数家庭经历过住房不稳定，94%生活在贫困线以下（每月828欧元）。营养不良是一个主要问题：粮食不安全的患病率很高（77%的父母和69%的儿童），贫血（50%的母亲和38%的儿童）、超重（38%的母亲和22%的儿童）和肥胖（32%的母亲和4%的儿童）也是如此。在30%的无家可归母亲中发现了高比例的抑郁症，20%的儿童有心理健康障碍的迹象。
这些初步结果凸显了巴黎地区无家可归人口中家庭数量之多。家庭在社会特征方面与其他无家可归者不同，如出生地、单亲身份和居住不稳定，这些特征可能会影响上学、社会关系、健康和获得医疗服务的机会。这些结果表明，迫切需要针对无家可归家庭采取行动，减少住房不稳定并提供适当的护理，尤其是对儿童。
