Roze M, Vandentorren S, Vuillermoz C, Chauvin P, Melchior M
Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale), 75012 Paris, France.
Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136, Équipe de Recherche en Épidémiologie Sociale), 75012 Paris, France; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France.
Eur Psychiatry. 2016 Oct;38:51-60. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.05.001. Epub 2016 Sep 22.
Children growing up in homeless families are disproportionately more likely to experience health and psychological problems. Our objective was to describe social, environmental, individual and family characteristics associated with emotional and behavioral difficulties among homeless children living in the Paris region.
Face-to-face interviews with a representative sample of homeless families were conducted by bilingual psychologists and interviewers between January and May 2013 (n=343 children ages 4-13 years). Mothers reported children's emotional and behavioral difficulties (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire [SDQ]), family socio-demographic characteristics, residential mobility, and parents' and children's physical and mental health. Children were interviewed regarding their perception of their living arrangements, friendships and school experiences. We studied children's SDQ total score in a linear regression framework.
Homeless children had higher SDQ total scores than children in the general population of France, (mean total score=11.3 vs 8.9, P<0,001). In multivariate analyses, children's difficulties were associated with parents' region of birth (beta=1.74 for Sub-Saharan Africa, beta=0.60 for Eastern Europe, beta=3.22 for other countries, P=0.020), residential mobility (beta=0.22, P=0.012), children's health (beta=3.49, P<0.001) and overweight (beta=2.14, P=0.007), the child's sleeping habits (beta=2.82, P=0.002), the mother's suicide risk (beta=4.13, P<0.001), the child's dislike of the family's accommodation (beta=3.59, P<0.001) and the child's experience of bullying (beta=3.21, P=0.002).
Children growing up homeless experience high levels of psychological difficulties which can put them at risk for poor mental health and educational outcomes long-term. Access to appropriate screening and medical care for this vulnerable yet underserved group are greatly needed.
在无家可归家庭中成长的儿童出现健康和心理问题的可能性要高得多。我们的目标是描述巴黎地区无家可归儿童中与情绪和行为困难相关的社会、环境、个人和家庭特征。
2013年1月至5月期间，由双语心理学家和访谈员对无家可归家庭的代表性样本进行了面对面访谈（n = 343名4 - 13岁儿童）。母亲们报告了孩子的情绪和行为困难（优势与困难问卷[SDQ]）、家庭社会人口特征、居住流动性以及父母和孩子的身心健康状况。就孩子对其生活安排、友谊和学校经历的看法对他们进行了访谈。我们在一个线性回归框架中研究了孩子的SDQ总分。
无家可归儿童的SDQ总分高于法国普通人群中的儿童（平均总分 = 11.3对8.9，P < 0.001）。在多变量分析中，孩子的困难与父母的出生地区（撒哈拉以南非洲为β = 1.74，东欧为β = 0.60，其他国家为β = 3.22，P = 0.020）、居住流动性（β = 0.22，P = 0.012）、孩子的健康状况（β = 3.49，P < 0.001）和超重情况（β = 2.14，P = 0.007）、孩子的睡眠习惯（β = 2.82，P = 0.002）、母亲的自杀风险（β = 4.13，P < 0.001）、孩子对家庭住所的不喜欢（β = 3.59，P < 0.001）以及孩子遭受欺凌的经历（β = 3.21，P = 0.002）有关。
在无家可归环境中成长的儿童经历着高水平的心理困难，这可能使他们长期面临心理健康不佳和教育成果不良的风险。非常需要为这个脆弱但未得到充分服务的群体提供适当的筛查和医疗护理。
