Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
Clin Cancer Res. 2016 Feb 15;22(4):807-12. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-3175. Epub 2015 Oct 29.
Recent advances in immune checkpoint blockade therapy have revolutionized the treatment of cancer. Tumor-specific antigens that are generated by somatic mutation, neoantigens, can influence patient response to immunotherapy and contribute to tumor shrinkage. Recent evidence demonstrating the success of checkpoint blockade immunotherapy in boosting T-cell reactivity against patient-specific neoantigens constitutes a strong rationale for the development of personalized vaccines against these nonself peptides. With the decreasing cost of next-generation sequencing, peptide manufacturing, and improvement of in silico prediction of peptide immunogenicity, it is increasingly important to evaluate the potential use of neoantigens in both diagnosis and treatment. Specifically, these neoantigens could be useful both as predictors of immune checkpoint blockade therapy response and/or incorporated in therapeutic vaccination strategies.
近年来免疫检查点阻断疗法的进展彻底改变了癌症的治疗方式。由体细胞突变产生的肿瘤特异性抗原，即新抗原，可以影响患者对免疫疗法的反应，并促进肿瘤缩小。最近的证据表明，检查点阻断免疫疗法在增强 T 细胞对患者特异性新抗原的反应方面取得了成功，这为开发针对这些非自身肽的个性化疫苗提供了强有力的依据。随着下一代测序、肽制造和肽免疫原性的计算预测的成本降低，评估新抗原在诊断和治疗中的潜在用途变得越来越重要。具体来说，这些新抗原既可以作为免疫检查点阻断治疗反应的预测因子，也可以被纳入治疗性疫苗策略中。
