Zhu Dao-Hong, Liu Zhiwei, Lu Peng-Fei, Yang Xiao-Hui, Su Cheng-Yuan, Liu Peter
Laboratory of Insect Behavior & Evolutionary Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL 61920 Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605
J Insect Sci. 2015 Oct 29;15(1). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iev118. Print 2015.
A new gall wasp species, Dryocosmus zhuili Liu et Zhu, is herein described from the southeastern Fujian province of China. The new species induces galls on trees of Henry's chestnut, Castanea henryi, which is also a native host for the notorious Oriental chestnut gall wasp (OCGW, Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu). D. zhuili overlaps with OCGW in emergence time and induces galls morphologically similar to that of OCGW on similar plant parts. In a previous study, we reported considerable divergence between mtDNA CO1 (mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) sequences of these wasps and the true OCGW wasps and suggested the existence of a cryptic species. Herein, we confirm the identity of the new species based on morphological and biological differences and provide a formal description. Although the new species is relatively easily separated from OCGW on basis of morphology, field identification involving the two species can still be problematic because of their small body size, highly similar gall morphology, and other life history traits. We further discussed the potential of the new species to be a pest for the chestnut industry and the consequences of accidental introduction of this species into nonnative areas, especially with regard to the bisexual reproduction mode of the new species in contrast to the parthenogenetic reproduction mode of OCGW.
本文描述了一种来自中国福建省东南部的新瘿蜂物种——锥栗瘿蜂（Dryocosmus zhuili Liu et Zhu）。该新物种在锥栗（Castanea henryi）树上形成虫瘿，锥栗也是臭名昭著的板栗瘿蜂（Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu，简称OCGW）的原生寄主。锥栗瘿蜂与板栗瘿蜂的羽化时间重叠，且在相似的植物部位诱导出形态与板栗瘿蜂相似的虫瘿。在之前的一项研究中，我们报道了这些瘿蜂的线粒体DNA细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I（mtDNA CO1）序列与真正的板栗瘿蜂序列之间存在显著差异，并推测存在一个隐存种。在此，我们基于形态和生物学差异确认了该新物种的身份，并给出了正式描述。尽管新物种在形态上相对容易与板栗瘿蜂区分开来，但由于它们体型小、虫瘿形态高度相似以及其他生活史特征，涉及这两个物种的田间鉴定仍然存在问题。我们进一步讨论了新物种成为板栗产业害虫的可能性，以及该物种意外引入非原生地区的后果，特别是考虑到新物种的两性生殖模式与板栗瘿蜂的孤雌生殖模式形成对比。
