Martinez-Sañudo I, Mazzon L, Simonato M, Avtzis D, Pujade-Villar J, Faccoli M
Department of Agronomy,Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova,Italy.
Forest Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter,Thessaloniki,Greece.
Bull Entomol Res. 2019 Jun;109(3):300-308. doi: 10.1017/S000748531800069X. Epub 2018 Oct 1.
The Asian chestnut gall wasp, Dryocosmus kuriphilus, is an invasive pest causing significant damage to chestnut trees (Castanea spp., Fagaceae). Originating from China, it has recently invaded a wide range of regions in Europe and North America. Understanding the population genetic structure of important invasive pests is very useful for improving the knowledge concerning routes of expansion and colonizing capacity. Despite its economic importance, limited attention has been given to D. kuriphilus origin and spread, or to its genetic structure. In this study, D. kuriphilus populations sampled in eight European countries were screened using both mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1; COI) and nuclear (internal transcribed spacer 2; ITS2) sequences, and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers. The molecular markers COI and ITS2 highlighted the presence of a single haplotype in all the studied populations. The recorded mitochondrial haplotype was identical to one of the most widespread haplotypes occurring in the native area (China). AFLP results indicated that D. kuriphilus individuals belong to two genetically distinct clusters without any further geographic clustering. These results suggest that D. kuriphilus populations in Europe could be the result of a single introduction of a Chinese founder population characterized by two genetically distinct lineages that subsequently spread rapidly across Europe. However, the possibility that populations originated from multiple introductions of the same Chinese mitochondrial haplotype cannot be excluded. The reported results provide useful information concerning this invasive species, potentially facilitating integrated pest management.
亚洲栗瘿蜂（Dryocosmus kuriphilus）是一种入侵性害虫，对栗树（壳斗科栗属）造成了严重损害。它原产于中国，最近已侵入欧洲和北美的广泛地区。了解重要入侵害虫的种群遗传结构对于增进对其扩散途径和定殖能力的认识非常有用。尽管其具有经济重要性，但对亚洲栗瘿蜂的起源、传播及其遗传结构的关注却很有限。在本研究中，利用线粒体（细胞色素c氧化酶亚基1；COI）和核基因（内转录间隔区2；ITS2）序列以及扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）标记，对在八个欧洲国家采集的亚洲栗瘿蜂种群进行了筛选。分子标记COI和ITS2显示，所有研究种群中均存在单一单倍型。记录的线粒体单倍型与原产地区（中国）最广泛分布的单倍型之一相同。AFLP结果表明，亚洲栗瘿蜂个体属于两个遗传上不同的聚类，没有进一步的地理聚类。这些结果表明，欧洲的亚洲栗瘿蜂种群可能是由具有两个遗传上不同谱系的中国奠基种群单次引入所致，随后该种群在欧洲迅速扩散。然而，不能排除种群起源于同一中国线粒体单倍型多次引入的可能性。所报告的结果为这种入侵物种提供了有用信息，可能有助于害虫综合治理。
