长非编码 RNA 在癌症中的临床意义。
The Clinical Relevance of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer.
机构信息
Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
Instituto de Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200, Portugal.
出版信息
Cancers (Basel). 2015 Oct 27;7(4):2169-82. doi: 10.3390/cancers7040884.
Non-coding RNAs have long been associated with cancer development and progression, and since their earliest discovery, their clinical potential in identifying and characterizing the disease has been pursued. Long non-coding (lncRNAs), a diverse class of RNA transcripts >200 nucleotides in length with limited protein coding potential, has been only modestly studied relative to other categories of non-coding RNAs. However, recent data suggests they too may be important players in cancer. In this article, we consider the value of lncRNAs in the clinical setting, and in particular their potential roles as diagnostic and prognostic markers in cancer. Furthermore, we summarize the most significant studies linking lncRNA expression in human biological samples to cancer outcomes. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and validity of these non-coding RNA transcripts is compared in the various biological compartments in which they have been detected including tumor tissue, whole body fluids and exosomes.
非编码 RNA 长期以来一直与癌症的发生和发展有关，自它们最初被发现以来，人们就一直在探索它们在识别和表征疾病方面的临床潜力。长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）是一类长度超过 200 个核苷酸、具有有限蛋白编码潜力的多样化 RNA 转录本，与其他非编码 RNA 类别相比，其研究相对较少。然而，最近的数据表明，它们也可能是癌症的重要参与者。在本文中，我们考虑了 lncRNA 在临床环境中的价值，特别是它们作为癌症诊断和预后标志物的潜在作用。此外，我们总结了将人类生物样本中的 lncRNA 表达与癌症结果联系起来的最重要的研究。比较了这些非编码 RNA 转录本在已检测到的各种生物隔室中的诊断灵敏度、特异性和有效性，包括肿瘤组织、全身体液和外泌体。
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