Programa de Pós - Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal; Laboratório de Toxicologia Aquática, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Corresponding author at: Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105.900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Programa de Pós - Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal.
Sci Total Environ. 2016 Jan 15;542(Pt A):231-7. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.110. Epub 2015 Nov 3.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)2] at different concentrations (1.5, 3.0, and 5.0 mg/kg) on growth, oxidative damage and antioxidant parameters in silver catfish after 30 and 60 days. Fish fed with 5.0 mg/kg of (PhSe)2 experienced a significant decrease in weight, length, and condition factor after 30 days and these parameters increased after 60 days. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyl (PC) decreased in the liver of silver catfish supplemented with (PhSe)2 after 30 days at all concentrations, while after 60 days these parameters decreased in liver, gills, brain, and muscle. Supplementation with (PhSe)2 induced a decrease in catalase (CAT) activity from liver only after 60 days of feeding. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased at 5.0 mg/kg after 30 and 60 days and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was enhanced at 1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg after 30 and 60 days. Silver catfish supplemented for 30 days showed a significant increase in liver glutathione S-transferase (GST) at 3.0 mg/kg, while after 60 days GST activity increased in liver at 1.5, 3.0, and 5.0 mg/kg and in gills at 3.0 and 5.0 mg/kg of (PhSe)2. After 30 days, non-protein thiols (NPSH) did not change, while after 60 days NPSH increased in liver, gills, brain, and muscle. In addition, ascorbic acid (AA) levels after 30 days increased in liver at three concentrations and in gills and muscle at 1.5 mg/kg, while after 60 days, AA increased at all concentrations in all and tissues tested. Thus, diet supplemented with (PhSe)2 for 60 days could be more effective for silver catfish. Although the concentration of 5.0 mg/kg showed decreased growth parameters, concentrations of 1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg, in general, decreased oxidative damage and increased antioxidant defenses.
本研究旨在评估不同浓度（1.5、3.0 和 5.0mg/kg）的膳食二苯二硒醚[（PhSe）2]对银鲈生长、氧化损伤和抗氧化参数的影响，实验时间为 30 天和 60 天。连续 30 天投喂 5.0mg/kg（PhSe）2的银鲈体重、体长和体质量系数显著下降，60 天后这些参数增加。30 天时，所有浓度的（PhSe）2均能降低银鲈肝脏中丙二醛（TBARS）和蛋白质羰基（PC）的含量，60 天时，肝脏、鳃、脑和肌肉中的这些参数也降低。60 天喂养后，只有肝脏中的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性降低。30 天和 60 天时，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）在 5.0mg/kg 时降低，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）在 1.5 和 3.0mg/kg 时增加。连续 30 天投喂 3.0mg/kg（PhSe）2的银鲈肝脏谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）活性显著增加，60 天后，1.5、3.0 和 5.0mg/kg 的（PhSe）2能增加肝脏 GST 活性，3.0 和 5.0mg/kg 的（PhSe）2能增加鳃中的 GST 活性。30 天，非蛋白巯基（NPSH）没有变化，60 天后，肝脏、鳃、脑和肌肉中的 NPSH 增加。此外，30 天时，三种浓度均能增加肝脏中抗坏血酸（AA）的水平，1.5mg/kg 时能增加鳃和肌肉中的 AA 水平，60 天时，所有浓度均能增加所有组织中的 AA 水平。因此，60 天的（PhSe）2饮食补充可能对银鲈更有效。虽然 5.0mg/kg 的浓度表现出生长参数下降，但 1.5 和 3.0mg/kg 的浓度通常能降低氧化损伤并增加抗氧化防御。
