Costa Jane, Bargues Maria Dolores, Neiva Vanessa Lima, Lawrence Gena G, Gumiel Marcia, Oliveira Genova, Cabello Pedro, Lima Marli Maria, Dotson Ellen, Provance David William, Almeida Carlos Eduardo, Mateo Lucia, Mas-Coma Santiago, Dujardin Jean Pierre
Laboratório de Biodiversidade Entomológica,Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Dep. de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Univ. de Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
Infect Genet Evol. 2016 Jan;37:77-87. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.10.025. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma occurs in Pernambuco state, Brazil, which is situated between the distribution areas of Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis (north) and Triatoma juazeirensis (south). T. b. macromelasoma displays greater variations in its chromatic phenotype than either T. b. brasiliensis or T. juazeirensis, and patterns reminiscent of one or the other. Experimental crosses from each of these members of the T. brasiliensis species complex generated fertile offspring suggesting that viable hybrids could be present in nature, despite their significant genetic distances. Considering the geographical position of occurrence of the T. b. macromelasoma (in Pernambuco) it was proposed to be an area capable of supporting natural hybridization between T. b. brasiliensis and T. juazeirensis. Since phenotypic variability is expected, this study investigated the existence of intermediate chromatic phenotypes for T. b. macromelasoma in various locations in areas between the T. b. brasiliensis and T. juazeirensis occurrences. Thirteen different color patterns were for the first time characterized and nine of those displayed intermediate phenotypes. Molecular analysis performed using ribosomal DNA intergenic region, grouped all within the T. brasiliensis complex. The intermediate chromatic phenotypes, molecular analysis and experimental crosses all support the distinction of a zone of hybridization that gave rise to the T. b. macromelasoma through homoploidal evolution.
巴西大斑锥猎蝽分布于巴西伯南布哥州，该州位于巴西锥猎蝽指名亚种（北部）和茹阿泽鲁锥猎蝽（南部）的分布区域之间。与巴西锥猎蝽指名亚种或茹阿泽鲁锥猎蝽相比，巴西大斑锥猎蝽的色素表型变异更大，且具有与二者之一相似的斑纹。巴西锥猎蝽物种复合体的这些成员之间进行的实验杂交产生了可育后代，这表明尽管它们的遗传距离很大，但自然界中可能存在有活力的杂种。考虑到巴西大斑锥猎蝽的分布地理位置（在伯南布哥州），有人提出该地区可能支持巴西锥猎蝽指名亚种和茹阿泽鲁锥猎蝽之间的自然杂交。由于预计会出现表型变异，本研究调查了在巴西锥猎蝽指名亚种和茹阿泽鲁锥猎蝽分布区域之间的不同地点，巴西大斑锥猎蝽是否存在中间色素表型。首次对13种不同的颜色模式进行了特征描述，其中9种表现出中间表型。使用核糖体DNA基因间隔区进行的分子分析，将所有样本都归类到巴西锥猎蝽复合体中。中间色素表型、分子分析和实验杂交都支持存在一个杂交区域的观点，该区域通过同倍体进化产生了巴西大斑锥猎蝽。
