Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon (UANL), Av. Universidad S/N Cd. Universitaria, N.L. 66455, San Nicolas de los Garza, Mexico.
Consultoria para la Evaluacion e Investigacion en Salud Publica (CEISP), Fraccionamiento B y San Miguel Acapatzingo, Privada Las Flores, 62446, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Parasitol Res. 2024 Nov 28;123(11):399. doi: 10.1007/s00436-024-08396-7.
Triatoma species from the phyllosoma subcomplex are sympatrically distributed and include some of the main vectors of Chagas disease in Mexico. Species within this subcomplex, including Triatoma pallidipennis, T. mazzottii, T. picturata, and T. longipennis, have shown resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, associated with mutations in the para gene of the voltage gate sodium channel (VGSC) and the activity of detoxifying enzymes such as β-esterases and glutathione s-transferases (GST). In this study, we evaluated resistance to deltamethrin in hybrids of T. pallidipennis × T. mazzottii (T.pal × T.maz) and T. pallidipennis × T. picturata (T.pal × T.pic) under laboratory conditions, and the inheritance was determined based on the degree of dominance (DO). Additionally, associated resistance mechanisms were analyzed, including detoxifying enzymes and knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations. High levels of resistance to deltamethrin were found in the hybrids of T.pal × T.maz when compared with the susceptible strain of T. mazzottii (RR = 17.50). Dominance levels calculated for each hybrid showed values < - 1, confirming that resistance to deltamethrin was recessive. Hybrids exhibited reduced α-, β-esterases, and cytochrome P mixed-function oxidases (MFO) activity. However, both hybrids showed significantly increased GST activity, particularly in T.pal × T.pic, suggesting enhanced detoxification through this pathway. The kdr mutation A943V, present in T. mazzottii, was found in T.pal × T.maz hybrids. These results emphasize the importance of considering hybridization in resistance management programs and its potential impact on the success of insecticide-based control measures.
叶状亚属的三锥虫物种是同域分布的，包括墨西哥一些主要的恰加斯病传播媒介。该亚属内的物种，包括棕尾璃眼蝉、糙点璃眼蝉、彩绘璃眼蝉和长角璃眼蝉，已经表现出对拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂的抗性，这与电压门控钠离子通道（VGSC）的para 基因和解毒酶如β-酯酶和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）的活性相关的突变有关。在这项研究中，我们评估了棕尾璃眼蝉与糙点璃眼蝉（T.pal × T.maz）和棕尾璃眼蝉与彩绘璃眼蝉（T.pal × T.pic）杂交种对溴氰菊酯的抗性，根据显性程度（DO）确定了遗传情况。此外，还分析了相关的抗性机制，包括解毒酶和击倒抗性（kdr）突变。与易感的糙点璃眼蝉品系（RR = 17.50）相比，T.pal × T.maz 杂交种对溴氰菊酯表现出高水平的抗性。每个杂交种的计算出的显性水平都显示值 < - 1，证实了对溴氰菊酯的抗性是隐性的。杂交种表现出α-、β-酯酶和细胞色素 P 混合功能氧化酶（MFO）活性降低。然而，两种杂交种都表现出 GST 活性显著增加，特别是在 T.pal × T.pic 中，表明通过该途径增强了解毒作用。存在于糙点璃眼蝉中的 kdr 突变 A943V 在 T.pal × T.maz 杂交种中被发现。这些结果强调了在抗性管理计划中考虑杂交种的重要性及其对基于杀虫剂的控制措施成功的潜在影响。
