Bethoux Francois
Mellen Center Rehabilitation Services, The Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue/Desk U10, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2015 Nov;26(4):625-39. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2015.07.003. Epub 2015 Sep 26.
Many poststroke survivors develop spasticity. Spasticity is usually associated with other neurologic impairments, in particular paresis, which complicate the evaluation of its consequences and of treatment outcomes. The diagnosis and the assessment of spasticity are based on clinical examination, in particular resistance to passive movement and abnormal involuntary muscle contraction. Nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments are commonly combined to manage spasticity, based on prespecified goals. There is evidence supporting the effectiveness and safety of most medications commonly used to treat spasticity; however, more evidence is needed regarding functional outcomes and the impact of combining treatment modalities.
许多中风幸存者会出现痉挛。痉挛通常与其他神经功能障碍有关，尤其是轻瘫，这使得对其后果和治疗效果的评估变得复杂。痉挛的诊断和评估基于临床检查，特别是对被动运动的抵抗和异常的不自主肌肉收缩。基于预先设定的目标，非药物治疗和药物治疗通常联合使用来管理痉挛。有证据支持大多数常用治疗痉挛药物的有效性和安全性；然而，关于功能结局以及联合治疗方式的影响，还需要更多证据。
