Andrello Marco, Henry Karine, Devaux Pierre, Desprez Bruno, Manel Stéphanie
Laboratoire Biogeographie et écologie des vertébrés, CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS - Universite de Montpellier - Universite Paul-Valery Montpellier - EPHE, 34293, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Florimond Desprez, 59242, Cappelle En Pévèle, France.
Theor Appl Genet. 2016 Feb;129(2):257-71. doi: 10.1007/s00122-015-2625-7. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
The genetic variation of Beta section Beta is structured into four taxonomic and spatial clusters. There are significant associations between molecular markers and environmental variables.
We investigated the genetic diversity of Beta section Beta, which includes the wild and cultivated relatives of the sugar beet. The taxa included in the study were: Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima, B. vulgaris subsp. adanensis, B. macrocarpa, B. patula and B. vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (garden beet, leaf beet and swiss chards). We collected 1264 accessions originating from the entire distribution area of these taxa and genotyped them for 4436 DArT markers (DArTs). We showed that the genetic variation of these accessions is structured into four taxonomic and spatial clusters: (1) samples of Beta macrocarpa, (2) samples of Beta vulgaris subsp. adanensis, (3) Mediterranean and Asian samples and (4) Atlantic and Northern European samples. These last two clusters were mainly composed of samples of Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima. We investigated in deeper detail the genetic structure of B. vulgaris subsp. maritima, which constituted the majority (80%) of the wild samples. This subspecies exhibited a clinal genetic variation from South-East to North-West. We detected some markers significantly associated to environmental variables in B. vulgaris subsp. maritima. These associations are interpreted as results of natural selection. The variable most often involved in the associations was annual mean temperature. Therefore, these markers can be useful for the development of frost-tolerant winter beets and drought-tolerant rain-fed beets.
Beta组Beta的遗传变异被构建为四个分类学和空间聚类。分子标记与环境变量之间存在显著关联。
我们研究了Beta组Beta的遗传多样性，其中包括甜菜的野生和栽培近缘种。研究中包含的分类群有：海滨甜菜亚种、阿达纳甜菜亚种、大果甜菜、小果甜菜以及甜菜亚种（根用甜菜、叶用甜菜和叶菾菜）。我们收集了来自这些分类群整个分布区域的1264份种质，并对其进行了4436个DArT标记（多样性阵列技术标记）的基因分型。我们表明，这些种质的遗传变异被构建为四个分类学和空间聚类：（1）大果甜菜样本，（2）阿达纳甜菜亚种样本，（3）地中海和亚洲样本，以及（4）大西洋和北欧样本。最后这两个聚类主要由海滨甜菜亚种的样本组成。我们更深入地研究了构成野生样本多数（80%）的海滨甜菜亚种的遗传结构。该亚种表现出从东南到西北的渐变遗传变异。我们在海滨甜菜亚种中检测到一些与环境变量显著相关的标记。这些关联被解释为自然选择的结果。关联中最常涉及的变量是年平均温度。因此，这些标记可用于培育抗冻冬甜菜和耐旱雨养甜菜。
