Department of Civil Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Jan;23(1):180-97. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5713-y. Epub 2015 Nov 3.
Recently, a range of novel and cost-effective engineered wetland technologies for decentralization practices of domestic wastewater treatment have been developed with ecological process modification, the use of functionalized plants, and advanced biofilm formation. However, selecting the one that can be more appreciated for on-site sanitation is still uncertain. This paper reviews the role of plants, media materials, microorganisms, and oxygen transfer in domestic wastewater purification through constructed wetlands (CWs). The effectiveness of traditional and recently developed CWs and the necessity of an induced biofilm attachment surface (BAS) in these systems for the treatment of domestic sewage are presented. This review also elucidates the idea of CWs for domestic wastewater characteristics highly stressed by total dissolved solids and the adaptive strategies in mitigating the cold climate impacts on their efficiencies. Further research needed to enhance the stability and sustainability of CWs is highlighted. By a more advanced investigation, BAS CWs can be specified as an ideal treatment process in decentralization.
最近，一系列新颖且具有成本效益的工程湿地技术已经开发出来，用于分散式生活污水处理，这些技术通过生态过程改造、功能化植物的利用和先进的生物膜形成来实现。然而，选择一种更适合现场卫生的技术仍然不确定。本文综述了植物、介质材料、微生物和氧气传递在人工湿地（CWs）中对生活污水净化的作用。介绍了传统和最近开发的 CWs 的有效性，以及在这些系统中诱导生物膜附着表面（BAS）的必要性，以处理生活污水。本文还阐述了 CWs 对高总溶解固体生活污水特性的处理思路，以及减轻寒冷气候对其效率影响的适应策略。强调了进一步研究以提高 CWs 的稳定性和可持续性的必要性。通过更先进的研究，可以将 BAS CWs 指定为分散式处理的理想工艺。
