Wikman Patrik A, Vainio Lari, Rinne Teemu
Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland.
Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland ; Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto University School of Science Espoo, Finland.
Front Neurosci. 2015 Oct 15;9:378. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00378. eCollection 2015.
The neuroanatomical pathways interconnecting auditory and motor cortices play a key role in current models of human auditory cortex (AC). Evidently, auditory-motor interaction is important in speech and music production, but the significance of these cortical pathways in other auditory processing is not well known. We investigated the general effects of motor responding on AC activations to sounds during auditory and visual tasks (motor regions were not imaged). During all task blocks, subjects detected targets in the designated modality, reported the relative number of targets at the end of the block, and ignored the stimuli presented in the opposite modality. In each block, they were also instructed to respond to targets either using a precision grip, power grip, or to give no overt target responses. We found that motor responding strongly modulated AC activations. First, during both visual and auditory tasks, activations in widespread regions of AC decreased when subjects made precision and power grip responses to targets. Second, activations in AC were modulated by grip type during the auditory but not during the visual task. Further, the motor effects were distinct from the present strong attention-related modulations in AC. These results are consistent with the idea that operations in AC are shaped by its connections with motor cortical regions.
连接听觉皮层和运动皮层的神经解剖学通路在当前人类听觉皮层（AC）模型中起着关键作用。显然，听觉 - 运动相互作用在言语和音乐产生中很重要，但这些皮层通路在其他听觉处理中的意义尚不清楚。我们研究了在听觉和视觉任务期间运动反应对AC对声音激活的一般影响（未对运动区域进行成像）。在所有任务块中，受试者在指定模态中检测目标，在块结束时报告目标的相对数量，并忽略以相反模态呈现的刺激。在每个块中，还指示他们使用精确抓握、强力抓握对目标做出反应，或不做出明显的目标反应。我们发现运动反应强烈调节了AC的激活。首先，在视觉和听觉任务期间，当受试者对目标做出精确抓握和强力抓握反应时，AC广泛区域的激活减少。其次，在听觉任务期间，AC的激活受抓握类型的调节，而在视觉任务期间则不然。此外，运动效应与当前AC中强烈的注意力相关调节不同。这些结果与AC中的操作受其与运动皮层区域的连接影响这一观点一致。
