Talasli Umur, Inan Asli Bahar
Department of Psychology, Atilim University Ankara, Turkey.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2015 Oct 16;9:531. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00531. eCollection 2015.
The Poggendorff illusion was approached with a novel perspective, that of applying Emmert's Law to the situation. The extensities between the verticals and the transversals happen to be absolutely equal in retinal image size, whereas the registered distance for the verticals must be smaller than that of the transversals due to the fact that the former is assumed to occlude the latter. This combination of facts calls for the operation of Emmert's Law, which results in the shrinkage of the occluding space between the verticals. Since the retinal image shows the transversals to be in contact with the verticals, the shrinkage must drag the transversals inwards in the cortical representation in order to eliminate the gaps. Such dragging of the transversals produces the illusory misalignment, which is a dictation of geometry. Some of the consequences of this new explanation were tested in four different experiments. In Experiment 1, a new illusion, the tilting of an occluded continuation of an oblique line, was predicted and achieved. In Experiments 2 and 3, perceived nearness of the occluding entity was manipulated via texture density variations and the predicted misalignment variations were confirmed by using a between-subjects and within-subjects designs, respectively. In Experiment 4, tilting of the occluded segment of the transversal was found to vary in the predicted direction as a result of being accompanied by the same texture cues used in Experiments 2 and 3.
从一个新颖的视角——将埃默特法则应用于这种情况——来探讨波根多夫错觉。垂直线和水平线之间的延伸在视网膜图像大小上恰好绝对相等，然而由于前者被认为遮挡了后者，垂直线的记录距离必定小于水平线的记录距离。这些事实的组合需要埃默特法则的作用，这会导致垂直线之间遮挡空间的收缩。由于视网膜图像显示水平线与垂直线接触，这种收缩必定会在皮层表征中将水平线向内拖动以消除间隙。这种对水平线的拖动产生了虚幻的错位，这是几何规律的一种体现。在四个不同的实验中对这种新解释的一些结果进行了测试。在实验1中，预测并实现了一种新的错觉，即一条斜线被遮挡部分的倾斜。在实验2和实验3中，通过纹理密度变化来操控对遮挡实体的感知距离，分别采用组间设计和组内设计证实了预测的错位变化。在实验4中，发现由于伴随着与实验2和实验3中相同的纹理线索，水平线被遮挡部分的倾斜会按预测方向变化。
