Duarte-Tagles Héctor, Salinas-Rodríguez Aarón, Idrovo Álvaro J, Búrquez Alberto, Corral-Verdugo Víctor
Ingeniería Ambiental Industrial, Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Hermosillo, México, Departamento de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, México.
Centro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.
Biomedica. 2015 Aug;35 Spec:46-57. doi: 10.1590/S0120-41572015000500006.
Depression is a highly prevalent illness among adults, and it is the second most frequently reported mental disorder in urban settings in México. Exposure to natural environments and its components may improve the mental health of the population.
To evaluate the association between biodiversity indicators and the prevalence of depressive symptoms among the adult population (20 to 65 years of age) in México.
Information from the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2006 (ENSANUT 2006) and the Compendio de Estadísticas Ambientales 2008 was analyzed. A biodiversity index was constructed based on the species richness and ecoregions in each state. A multilevel logistic regression model was built with random intercepts and a multiple logistic regression was generated with clustering by state.
The factors associated with depressive symptoms were being female, self-perceived as indigenous, lower education level, not living with a partner, lack of steady paid work, having a chronic illness and drinking alcohol. The biodiversity index was found to be inversely associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms when defined as a continuous variable, and the results from the regression were grouped by state (OR=0.71; 95% CI = 0.59-0.87).
Although the design was cross-sectional, this study adds to the evidence of the potential benefits to mental health from contact with nature and its components.
抑郁症在成年人中是一种高度流行的疾病，并且是墨西哥城市环境中报告的第二常见精神障碍。接触自然环境及其组成部分可能会改善人群的心理健康。
评估墨西哥成年人群（20至65岁）中生物多样性指标与抑郁症状患病率之间的关联。
分析了2006年全国健康与营养调查（ENSANUT 2006）和2008年环境统计汇编的信息。基于每个州物种丰富度和生态区域构建了生物多样性指数。建立了具有随机截距的多水平逻辑回归模型，并按州聚类生成了多元逻辑回归。
与抑郁症状相关的因素包括女性、自我认同为原住民、教育水平较低、未与伴侣同住、缺乏稳定的带薪工作、患有慢性病和饮酒。当生物多样性指数被定义为连续变量时，发现其与抑郁症状患病率呈负相关，回归结果按州分组（OR = 0.71；95% CI = 0.59 - 0.87）。
尽管该设计为横断面研究，但本研究补充了接触自然环境及其组成部分对心理健康具有潜在益处的证据。
