Prabhakaran Narayanasamy, Prameeladevi Thokala, Sathiyabama Muthukrishnan, Kamil Deeba
J Environ Biol. 2015 Jan;36(1):191-8.
Different isolates of Trichoderma were isolated from soil samples which were collected from different part of India. These isolates were grouped into four Trichoderma species viz., Trichoderma asperellum (Ta), T. harzianum (Th), T. pseudokoningii (Tp) and T. longibrachiatum (Tl) based on their morphological characters. Identification of the above isolates was also confirmed through ITS region analysis. These Trichoderma isolates were tested for in vitro biological control of Alternaria solani, Bipolaris oryzae, Pyricularia oryzae and Sclerotinia scierotiorum which cause serious diseases like early blight (target spot) of tomato and potato, brown leaf spot disease in rice, rice blast disease, and white mold disease in different plants. Under in vitro conditions, all the four species of Trichoderma (10 isolates) proved 100% potential inhibition against rice blast pathogen Pyracularia oryzae. T. harzianum (Th-01) and T. asperellum (Ta-10) were effective with 86.6% and 97.7%, growth inhibition of B. oryzae, respectively. Among others, T. pseudokoningii (Tp-08) and T. Iongibrachiatum (Tl-09) species were particularly efficient in inhibiting growth of S. sclerotiorum by 97.8% and 93.3%. T. Iongibrachiatum (TI-06 and TI-07) inhibited maximum mycelial growth of A. solani by 87.6% and 84.75. However, all the T. harzianum isolates showed significantly higher inhibition against S. sclerotiorum (CD value 9.430), causing white mold disease. This study led to the selection of potential Trichoderma isolates against rice blast, early blight, brown leaf spot in rice and white mold disease in different crops.
从印度不同地区采集的土壤样本中分离出不同的木霉菌株。根据形态特征，这些菌株被分为四种木霉属物种，即棘孢木霉（Ta）、哈茨木霉（Th）、拟康氏木霉（Tp）和长枝木霉（Tl）。通过ITS区域分析也证实了上述菌株的鉴定。对这些木霉菌株进行了体外生物防治试验，以防治引起严重病害的茄链格孢、稻瘟病菌、稻瘟病菌和核盘菌，如番茄和马铃薯的早疫病（靶斑病）、水稻的褐叶斑病、稻瘟病以及不同植物的白霉病。在体外条件下，所有四种木霉属物种（10个菌株）对稻瘟病菌均表现出100%的潜在抑制作用。哈茨木霉（Th-01）和棘孢木霉（Ta-10）分别对稻瘟病菌有86.6%和97.7%的生长抑制效果。其中，拟康氏木霉（Tp-08）和长枝木霉（Tl-09）对核盘菌的生长抑制尤为有效，分别为97.8%和93.3%。长枝木霉（TI-06和TI-07）对茄链格孢的菌丝生长抑制率最高，分别为87.6%和84.75。然而，所有哈茨木霉菌株对引起白霉病的核盘菌均表现出显著更高的抑制作用（CD值9.430）。本研究筛选出了对稻瘟病、早疫病、水稻褐叶斑病和不同作物白霉病具有潜在防治效果 的木霉菌株。
