Alghabashi Maram T, Guthrie Barbara
Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Umm al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
BMC Res Notes. 2015 Nov 4;8:646. doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1614-x.
In 1984, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) began surveillance for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence and prevalence. However, no culturally-appropriate standardized questionnaire has been developed to measure HIV prevention knowledge in this population. Evidence exists that married Saudi women are especially at higher risk for infection, but lack knowledge of HIV modes of transmission and underestimate their personal risk of becoming infected. The objective of this paper is to present a critical review of existing HIV knowledge measurement tools developed for the KSA and other Arabian Peninsula populations, and to utilize this review to guide the development of a culturally- and gender-sensitive tool. Studies included were in English reporting results of a quantitative survey instrument as either an interview or self-reported questionnaire with questions about knowledge of HIV or AIDS. Surveys must have been given in English or Arabic, and must have been done in a population in the KSA or the Arabian Peninsula. The following data sources were searched for eligible studies: Google Scholar, Google Web, PubMed, PLoS, WHO publications, UN publications, news, and other peer-reviewed publication databases.
Sixteen articles met criteria, and of these, 10 (63 %) were conducted in a KSA population, and a majority of the articles studied students of primary, secondary, or post-secondary schools (n = 9, 56 %). Five studies included only men, while the other 11 included both sexes.
The KSA's public health goals should more specifically focus on measuring and improving knowledge in high-risk populations such as married women-an option currently limited by commonly available measurement instruments.
1984年，沙特阿拉伯王国（KSA）开始监测人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的发病率和流行率。然而，尚未开发出适合该文化背景的标准化问卷来衡量该人群的HIV预防知识。有证据表明，已婚沙特女性感染风险尤其高，但她们缺乏HIV传播方式的知识，并且低估了自己感染的个人风险。本文的目的是对为沙特阿拉伯和其他阿拉伯半岛人群开发的现有HIV知识测量工具进行批判性综述，并利用这一综述来指导开发一种对文化和性别敏感的工具。纳入的研究为英文报道的定量调查工具的结果，该工具为访谈或自我报告问卷，包含有关HIV或艾滋病知识的问题。调查必须以英文或阿拉伯文进行，且必须在沙特阿拉伯或阿拉伯半岛的人群中开展。通过以下数据来源搜索符合条件的研究：谷歌学术、谷歌网页、PubMed、PLoS、世界卫生组织出版物、联合国出版物、新闻及其他同行评审出版物数据库。
16篇文章符合标准，其中10篇（63%）在沙特阿拉伯人群中开展，且大多数文章研究的是小学、中学或高等院校的学生（n = 9，56%）。5项研究仅纳入男性，其他11项研究则同时纳入了男性和女性。
沙特阿拉伯的公共卫生目标应更具体地侧重于测量和提高高危人群（如已婚女性）的知识水平，而目前这一选择受到现有测量工具的限制。
