Enders Hendrik, Cortese Filomeno, Maurer Christian, Baltich Jennifer, Protzner Andrea B, Nigg Benno M
Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;
Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada;
J Neurophysiol. 2016 Jan 1;115(1):379-88. doi: 10.1152/jn.00497.2015. Epub 2015 Nov 4.
This study investigated the effects of a high-intensity cycling exercise on changes in spectral and temporal aspects of electroencephalography (EEG) measured from 10 experienced cyclists. Cyclists performed a maximum aerobic power test on the first testing day followed by a time-to-exhaustion trial at 85% of their maximum power output on 2 subsequent days that were separated by ∼48 h. EEG was recorded using a 64-channel system at 500 Hz. Independent component (IC) analysis parsed the EEG scalp data into maximal ICs. An equivalent current dipole model was calculated for each IC, and results were clustered across subjects. A time-frequency analysis of the identified electrocortical clusters was performed to investigate the magnitude and timing of event-related spectral perturbations. Significant changes (P < 0.05) in electrocortical activity were found in frontal, supplementary motor and parietal areas of the cortex. Overall, there was a significant increase in EEG power as fatigue developed throughout the exercise. The strongest increase was found in the frontal area of the cortex. The timing of event-related desynchronization within the supplementary motor area corresponds with the onset of force production and the transition from flexion to extension in the pedaling cycle. The results indicate an involvement of the cerebral cortex during the pedaling task that most likely involves executive control function, as well as motor planning and execution.
本研究调查了高强度自行车运动对10名经验丰富的自行车运动员脑电图（EEG）频谱和时间特征变化的影响。在第一个测试日，自行车运动员进行了最大有氧功率测试，随后在接下来的两天里，以其最大功率输出的85%进行力竭试验，这两天间隔约48小时。使用64通道系统以500赫兹的频率记录脑电图。独立成分（IC）分析将脑电图头皮数据解析为最大独立成分。为每个独立成分计算等效电流偶极子模型，并对受试者的结果进行聚类。对识别出的电皮质簇进行时频分析，以研究事件相关频谱扰动的幅度和时间。在皮质的额叶、辅助运动区和顶叶区域发现了电皮质活动的显著变化（P<0.05）。总体而言，随着运动中疲劳的发展，脑电图功率显著增加。在皮质额叶区域发现了最强的增加。辅助运动区内事件相关去同步化的时间与力产生的开始以及蹬踏周期中从屈曲到伸展的转变相对应。结果表明，在蹬踏任务期间大脑皮质参与其中，这很可能涉及执行控制功能以及运动规划和执行。
