在跑步机行走过程中,皮层电活动与步态周期相位相关。
Electrocortical activity is coupled to gait cycle phase during treadmill walking.
机构信息
Human Neuromechanics Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2214, USA.
出版信息
Neuroimage. 2011 Jan 15;54(2):1289-96. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.08.066. Epub 2010 Sep 9.
Recent findings suggest that human cortex is more active during steady-speed unperturbed locomotion than previously thought. However, techniques that have been used to image the brain during locomotion lack the temporal resolution necessary to assess intra-stride cortical dynamics. Our aim was to determine if electrocortical activity is coupled to gait cycle phase during steady-speed human walking. We used electroencephalography (EEG), motion capture, and a force-measuring treadmill to record brain and body dynamics while eight healthy young adult subjects walked on a treadmill. Infomax independent component analysis (ICA) parsed EEG signals into maximally independent component (IC) processes representing electrocortical sources, muscle sources, and artifacts. We calculated a spatially fixed equivalent current dipole for each IC using an inverse modeling approach, and clustered electrocortical sources across subjects by similarities in dipole locations and power spectra. We then computed spectrograms for each electrocortical source that were time-locked to the gait cycle. Electrocortical sources in the anterior cingulate, posterior parietal, and sensorimotor cortex exhibited significant (p<0.05) intra-stride changes in spectral power. During the end of stance, as the leading foot was contacting the ground and the trailing foot was pushing off, alpha- and beta-band spectral power increased in or near the left/right sensorimotor and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Power increases in the left/right sensorimotor cortex were more pronounced for contralateral limb push-off (ipsilateral heel-strike) than for ipsilateral limb push-off (contralateral heel-strike). Intra-stride high-gamma spectral power changes were evident in anterior cingulate, posterior parietal, and sensorimotor cortex. These data confirm cortical involvement in steady-speed human locomotion. Future applications of these techniques could provide critical insight into the neural mechanisms of movement disorders and gait rehabilitation.
最近的研究结果表明,人类大脑皮层在稳定速度的无干扰运动中的活跃度比之前认为的要高。然而,用于在运动过程中对大脑进行成像的技术缺乏评估步内皮层动力学所需的时间分辨率。我们的目的是确定在稳定速度的人类行走过程中,皮层电活动是否与步态周期相位相关。我们使用脑电图(EEG)、运动捕捉和测力跑步机来记录 8 名健康年轻成年受试者在跑步机上行走时的大脑和身体动态。Infomax 独立成分分析(ICA)将 EEG 信号解析为代表皮层电活动源、肌肉源和伪影的最大独立成分(IC)过程。我们使用逆建模方法为每个 IC 计算了一个空间固定的等效电流偶极子,并通过偶极子位置和功率谱的相似性对跨受试者的皮层电活动源进行聚类。然后,我们为每个与步态周期时间锁定的皮层电活动源计算了频谱图。前扣带、后顶叶和感觉运动皮层的皮层电活动源表现出明显的(p<0.05)步内频谱功率变化。在支撑阶段结束时,当前脚接触地面,后脚推动时,alpha 和 beta 波段的频谱功率在左/右感觉运动和背侧前扣带皮层增加或附近增加。与对侧肢体推动(同侧脚跟触地)相比,左/右感觉运动皮层的功率增加更为明显。在扣带前回、顶叶和感觉运动皮层中可见到步内高伽马频谱功率变化。这些数据证实了皮层在稳定速度的人类运动中的参与。这些技术的未来应用可能为运动障碍和步态康复的神经机制提供关键的见解。