Khasbiullina N R, Bovin N V
Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2015 Jul;80(7):820-35. doi: 10.1134/S0006297915070032.
It is generally accepted that the generation of antibodies proceeds due to immunization of an organism by alien antigens, and the level and affinity of antibodies are directly correlated to the presence of immunogen. At the same time, vast experimental material has been obtained providing evidence of antibodies whose level remains unchanged and affinity is constant during a lifetime. In contrast to the first, adaptive immunoglobulins, the latter are named natural antibodies (nAbs). The nAbs are produced by B1 cells, whereas adaptive Abs are produced by B2. This review summarizes general data on nAbs and presents in more detail data on antigens of carbohydrate origin. Hypotheses on the origin of nAbs and their activation mechanisms are discussed. We present our thoughts on this matter supported by our experimental data on nAbs to glycans.
人们普遍认为，抗体的产生是由于机体受到外来抗原的免疫作用，并且抗体的水平和亲和力与免疫原的存在直接相关。与此同时，已经获得了大量实验材料，证明了在一生中抗体水平保持不变且亲和力恒定的情况。与第一种适应性免疫球蛋白不同，后者被称为天然抗体（nAbs）。天然抗体由B1细胞产生，而适应性抗体由B2细胞产生。本综述总结了关于天然抗体的一般数据，并更详细地介绍了碳水化合物来源抗原的数据。讨论了天然抗体的起源及其激活机制的假说。我们根据关于针对聚糖的天然抗体的实验数据，提出了我们对此事的看法。
