法国医生样本中对安乐死持赞成意见的决定因素。
Determinants of favourable opinions about euthanasia in a sample of French physicians.
作者信息
Dany Lionel, Baumstarck Karine, Dudoit Eric, Duffaud Florence, Auquier Pascal, Salas Sébastien
机构信息
APHM, Timone, Service d'Oncologie Médicale, 13385, Marseille, France.
LPS EA849, Aix-Marseille Université, 13621, Aix-en-Provence, France.
出版信息
BMC Palliat Care. 2015 Nov 5;14:59. doi: 10.1186/s12904-015-0055-6.
BACKGROUND
The question whether euthanasia should be legalised has led to substantial public debate in France. The objective of this study in a sample of French physicians was to establish the potential determinants of a favourable opinion about euthanasia in general and when faced with a specific situation as embodied in the Humbert affair.
METHODS
The study was a cross-sectional survey investigating two different samples of medical doctors: (1) those specialised in palliative care and affiliated to the French Society for Patient Accompaniment and Palliative Care; (2) medical interns (medical doctors in training course) in a French medical university (Marseille). A questionnaire was sent (email) to each voluntary participant including sociodemographics, professional status, mention of believing in God, and opinion about euthanasia (the question was designed to assess the general opinion about euthanasia and the opinion about a specific case, the Vincent Humbert' case (a man who was rendered quadriplegic, blind, and mute after an accident and has requested euthanasia).
RESULTS
A total of 413 physicians participated in the research (participation rate: 48.5%). Less than half of the population were favourable to euthanasia in general and almost two-thirds of the population were favourable to Vincent Humbert's request for euthanasia. Based on the multivariate analysis, individuals believing in God and being a medical intern were significant independent factors linked to having a favourable opinion about euthanasia in general and about the Vincent Humbert's request.
DISCUSSION
There is still no study in France on the development of opinion about euthanasia and its impact. The issue goes beyond the strictly professional sphere and involves broader socio-political stakes. These stakes do not necessarily take into account medical practices and experiences or the desires of end-of-life patients. The professional upheaval that the future French legal framework will doubtlessly trigger will require further research.
CONCLUSION
The professional upheaval that the future French legal framework will doubtlessly trigger will require further research.
背景
安乐死是否应合法化的问题在法国引发了广泛的公众辩论。本研究以法国医生为样本，旨在确定对安乐死总体持支持态度以及在面对像洪贝尔事件所体现的特定情况时持支持态度的潜在决定因素。
方法
该研究为横断面调查，调查了两组不同的医生样本：（1）法国患者陪伴与姑息治疗协会下属的姑息治疗专科医生；（2）法国一所医科大学（马赛）的实习医生（正在接受培训课程的医生）。向每位自愿参与者发送了一份问卷（通过电子邮件），内容包括社会人口统计学信息、职业状况、是否信仰上帝以及对安乐死的看法（该问题旨在评估对安乐死的总体看法以及对一个具体案例，即文森特·洪贝尔案的看法（一名男子在一次事故后四肢瘫痪、双目失明且无法说话，并请求安乐死）。
结果
共有413名医生参与了研究（参与率：48.5%）。总体上不到一半的人支持安乐死，近三分之二的人支持文森特·洪贝尔的安乐死请求。基于多变量分析，信仰上帝和身为实习医生是与总体上对安乐死持支持态度以及对文森特·洪贝尔的请求持支持态度相关的重要独立因素。
讨论
法国仍未开展关于对安乐死看法的发展及其影响的研究。这个问题超出了严格的专业领域，涉及更广泛的社会政治利害关系。这些利害关系不一定考虑到医疗实践和经验或临终患者的愿望。未来法国法律框架无疑将引发的专业动荡需要进一步研究。
结论
未来法国法律框架无疑将引发的专业动荡需要进一步研究。
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