Regan Daniel, Guth Amanda, Coy Jonathan, Dow Steven
Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Animal Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Vet J. 2016 Jan;207:20-28. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.10.008. Epub 2015 Oct 13.
Excitement in the field of tumor immunotherapy is being driven by several remarkable breakthroughs in recent years. This review will cover recent advances in cancer immunotherapy, including the use of T cell checkpoint inhibitors, engineered T cells, cancer vaccines, and anti-B cell and T cell antibodies. Inhibition of T cell checkpoint molecules such as PD-1 and CTLA-4 using monoclonal antibodies has achieved notable success against advanced tumors in humans, including melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and non-small cell lung cancer. Therapy with engineered T cells has also demonstrated remarkable tumor control and regression in human trials. Autologous cancer vaccines have recently demonstrated impressive prolongation of disease-free intervals and survival times in dogs with lymphoma. In addition, caninized monoclonal antibodies targeting CD20 and CD52 just recently received either full (CD20) or conditional (CD52) licensing by the United States Department of Agriculture for clinical use in the treatment of canine B-cell and T-cell lymphomas, respectively. Thus, immunotherapy for cancer is rapidly moving to the forefront of cancer treatment options in veterinary medicine as well as human medicine.
近年来，肿瘤免疫治疗领域取得的几项重大突破推动了该领域的蓬勃发展。本综述将涵盖癌症免疫治疗的最新进展，包括T细胞检查点抑制剂、工程化T细胞、癌症疫苗以及抗B细胞和T细胞抗体的应用。使用单克隆抗体抑制PD - 1和CTLA - 4等T细胞检查点分子，已在人类晚期肿瘤治疗中取得显著成效，如黑色素瘤、肾细胞癌和非小细胞肺癌。工程化T细胞疗法在人体试验中也展现出显著的肿瘤控制和消退效果。自体癌症疫苗最近在患有淋巴瘤的犬类中显示出令人印象深刻的无病生存期和生存期延长。此外，靶向CD20和CD52的犬源化单克隆抗体最近分别获得了美国农业部的全面（CD20）或有条件（CD52）许可，可用于治疗犬类B细胞和T细胞淋巴瘤的临床应用。因此，癌症免疫治疗正在迅速成为兽医学和人类医学中癌症治疗选择的前沿领域。
