Cardoso E R, Del Bigio M R, Schroeder G
Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1989;97(1-2):40-6. doi: 10.1007/BF01577738.
The age distributions of communicating hydrocephalus (CH), pseudotumour cerebri (PC) slit-ventricle syndrome (SVS), and chronic subdural haematomas (CSH) were reviewed in the medical literature. An age-related incidence was found: CH and CSH predominated in neonates less than 2 years and adults older than 55 years, while PC and SVS occurred mainly in older children and young adults. The latter two patient groups seem to show a greater resistance to ventricular dilatation in the presence of decreased CSF absorption. This may be related to larger volume and state of maturity of the cerebrum. On the other hand, neonates and the elderly more readily develop enlarged ventricles, in association with impairment of CSF absorption, or subdural fluid collections. Factors including status of cranial sutures, cerebral atrophy, cerebral water content, degree of cerebral myelination, and glial cell composition, may contribute to the age-related incidence of the four disorders investigated. Similarly, the development of ventriculomegaly may depend upon cerebral elastic properties besides the pri mary disturbance of CSF dynamics. The authors postulate that the size of cerebral ventricles in disorders of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) absorption is related to the elastic properties and volume of the brain. Furthermore, cerebral volume and elastic properties may also contribute to the age distribution of chronic subdural haematomas (CSH).
本文回顾了医学文献中交通性脑积水（CH）、假性脑瘤（PC）、裂隙脑室综合征（SVS）和慢性硬膜下血肿（CSH）的年龄分布情况。研究发现了与年龄相关的发病率：CH和CSH在2岁以下的新生儿和55岁以上的成年人中占主导，而PC和SVS主要发生在大龄儿童和年轻成年人中。在脑脊液吸收减少的情况下，后两组患者似乎对脑室扩张表现出更大的抵抗力。这可能与大脑的更大体积和成熟状态有关。另一方面，新生儿和老年人更容易出现脑室扩大，伴有脑脊液吸收受损或硬膜下积液。包括颅骨缝线状态、脑萎缩、脑含水量、脑髓鞘化程度和神经胶质细胞组成等因素，可能导致所研究的四种疾病与年龄相关的发病率。同样，脑室扩大的发展可能除了脑脊液动力学的原发性紊乱外，还取决于脑弹性特性。作者推测，脑脊液（CSF）吸收障碍疾病中脑室的大小与脑的弹性特性和体积有关。此外，脑体积和弹性特性也可能导致慢性硬膜下血肿（CSH）的年龄分布。
