Flemmen Grete, Wang Eivind
From the Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (GF, EW); and Department of Research and Development, Clinic of Substance Use and Addiction Medicine, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway (GF); Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (EW).
Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Nov;94(44):e1914. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000001914.
Although substance use disorder (SUD) patients are documented to have an inactive lifestyle, which is associated with cardiovascular disease, other lifestyle-related diseases and premature death, evidence regarding their aerobic endurance and muscular strength is limited. Therefore, the authors aimed to evaluate directly assessed maximal oxygen consumption, walking efficiency, as well as maximal strength in a group of SUD patients.A total of 44 SUD patients in residential treatment, 31 men (31 ± 8 years) and 13 women (34 ± 10 years), were included and completed the physical testing. The patients were compared with an age- and sex-matched reference group.Male and female SUD patients exhibited a maximal oxygen consumption of 44.6 ± 6.2 and 33.8 ± 6.6 mL· min kg, respectively. This was significantly lower than the reference group, 15% (P = 0.03) for men and 25% (P = 0.001) for women. In addition, the SUD patients had a 13% significantly reduced walking efficiency (P = 0.02), compared with healthy controls. The impairments in aerobic endurance were accompanied by significant reductions in maximal strength of 30% (P = 0.001) and 33% (P = 0.01) for men and women, respectively. In combination, these results imply that SUD patients have impaired endurance and muscular strength compared with what is typically observed in the population, and consequently suffer a higher risk of developing cardiovascular and other lifestyle-related diseases and early death. Effective physical exercise should be advocated as an essential part of the clinical practice of SUD treatment to improve the patient's health and consequently reduce the costs because of the high use of emergency departments, hospital, and medical care.
尽管有记录表明物质使用障碍（SUD）患者生活方式不活跃，这与心血管疾病、其他与生活方式相关的疾病及过早死亡有关，但关于他们有氧耐力和肌肉力量的证据有限。因此，作者旨在评估一组SUD患者直接测定的最大摄氧量、步行效率以及最大力量。
共有44名接受住院治疗的SUD患者纳入研究并完成了体能测试，其中31名男性（31±8岁），13名女性（34±10岁）。将这些患者与年龄和性别匹配的参照组进行比较。
男性和女性SUD患者的最大摄氧量分别为44.6±6.2和33.8±6.6 mL·min⁻¹·kg⁻¹。这显著低于参照组，男性低15%（P = 0.03），女性低25%（P = 0.001）。此外，与健康对照组相比，SUD患者的步行效率显著降低了13%（P = 0.02）。有氧耐力受损的同时，男性和女性的最大力量分别显著降低了30%（P = 0.001）和33%（P = 0.01）。综合来看，这些结果表明，与一般人群相比，SUD患者的耐力和肌肉力量受损，因此患心血管疾病和其他与生活方式相关疾病以及过早死亡的风险更高。应提倡进行有效的体育锻炼，作为SUD治疗临床实践的重要组成部分，以改善患者健康状况，从而降低因频繁使用急诊科、住院和医疗护理而产生的费用。
