高有氧强度训练对精神分裂症患者的影响：一项对照试验。
Effects of high aerobic intensity training in patients with schizophrenia: a controlled trial.
作者信息
Heggelund Jørn, Nilsberg Geir E, Hoff Jan, Morken Gunnar, Helgerud Jan
机构信息
Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
出版信息
Nord J Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;65(4):269-75. doi: 10.3109/08039488.2011.560278. Epub 2011 Feb 18.
BACKGROUND
Patients with schizophrenia have a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). High aerobic intensity training (HIT) improve peak oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)), net mechanical efficiency of walking and risk factors for CVD but has not been investigated in patients with schizophrenia.
AIMS
To investigate effects from HIT on VO(2peak), net mechanical efficiency of walking and risk factors for CVD in patients with schizophrenia.
METHODS
25 inpatients (F20-29, ICD-10) were allocated to either HIT or playing computer games (CG), 3 days per week for 8 weeks. HIT consisted of 4 × 4-min intervals with 3-min break periods, at 85-95% and 70% of peak heart rate, respectively.
RESULTS
12 and seven patients completed HIT and CG, respectively. The baseline VO(2peak) in both groups combined (n = 19) was 36.8 ± 8.2 ml/kg/min and 3.12 ± 0.55 l/min. The HIT group improved VO(2peak) by 12% from 3.17 ± 0.59 to 3.56 ± 0.68 l/min (P < 0.001), more than the CG group (P = 0.014). Net mechanical efficiency of walking improved by 12% in the HIT group from 19.8 ± 3.0% to 22.2 ± 4.5% (P = 0.005), more than the CG group (P = 0.031). The psychiatric symptoms, expressed as the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), did not improve in either group.
CONCLUSIONS
VO(2peak) and net mechanical efficiency of walking improved significantly by 8 weeks of HIT. HIT should be included in rehabilitation in order to improve physical capacity and contribute risk reduction of CVD.
背景
精神分裂症患者患心血管疾病（CVD）的风险较高。高强度有氧训练（HIT）可提高峰值摄氧量（VO₂peak）、步行净机械效率及心血管疾病的危险因素，但尚未在精神分裂症患者中进行研究。
目的
研究高强度有氧训练（HIT）对精神分裂症患者的VO₂peak、步行净机械效率及心血管疾病危险因素的影响。
方法
25名住院患者（F20 - 29，ICD - 10）被分配到高强度有氧训练组或玩电脑游戏组（CG），每周3天，共8周。高强度有氧训练包括4个4分钟的间歇，中间有3分钟的休息时间，分别为峰值心率的85 - 95%和70%。
结果
分别有12名和7名患者完成了高强度有氧训练和玩电脑游戏组。两组（n = 19）的基线VO₂peak为36.8±8.2 ml/kg/min和3.12±0.55 l/min。高强度有氧训练组的VO₂peak从3.17±0.59 l/min提高了12%至3.56±0.68 l/min（P < 0.001），高于玩电脑游戏组（P = 0.014）。高强度有氧训练组的步行净机械效率从19.8±3.0%提高了12%至22.2±4.5%（P = 0.005），高于玩电脑游戏组（P = 0.031）。用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）和精神分裂症卡尔加里抑郁量表（CDSS）表示的精神症状在两组中均未改善。
结论
8周的高强度有氧训练可显著提高VO₂peak和步行净机械效率。高强度有氧训练应纳入康复治疗，以提高身体能力并有助于降低心血管疾病风险。
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