Sharma Tanwi, Kaul Sanjana, Dhar Manoj K
School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006 India.
Springerplus. 2015 Nov 2;4:661. doi: 10.1186/s40064-015-1435-3. eCollection 2015.
Saffron (Crocus sativus) is a medicinally important plant. The Kashmir valley (J&K, India) emblematizes one of the major and quality saffron producing areas in the world. Nonetheless, the area has been experiencing a declining trend in the production of saffron during the last decade. Poor disease management is one of the major reasons for declining saffron production in the area. Endophytes are known to offer control against many diseases of host plant. During the present study, culturable bacterial endophytes were isolated from saffron plant, identified and assessed for plant growth promoting activities. Molecular and phylogenetic analysis grouped the fifty-four bacterial isolates into eleven different taxa, viz. Bacillus licheniformis, B. subtilis, B. cereus, B. humi, B. pumilus, Paenibacillus elgii, B. safensis, Brevibacillus sp., Pseudomonas putida, Staphylococcus hominis and Enterobacter cloacae. The results were also supported with the identification based on BIOLOG system. B. licheniformis was the dominant endophyte in both leaves and corms of saffron. 81 % isolates showed lipase activity, 57 % cellulase, 48 % protease, 38 % amylase, 33 % chitinase and 29 % showed pectinase activity. 24 % of the isolates were phosphate solublizers, 86 % showed siderophore production and 80 % phytohormone production potential. The present repository of well characterized bacterial endophytes of saffron, have plant growth promoting potential which can be explored further for their respective roles in the biology of the saffron plant.
藏红花（番红花）是一种具有重要药用价值的植物。克什米尔山谷（印度查谟和克什米尔邦）是世界上主要的优质藏红花产区之一。然而，在过去十年中，该地区的藏红花产量呈下降趋势。疾病管理不善是该地区藏红花产量下降的主要原因之一。已知内生菌可以控制宿主植物的多种疾病。在本研究中，从藏红花植株中分离出可培养的细菌内生菌，进行鉴定并评估其促进植物生长的活性。分子和系统发育分析将54株细菌分离物分为11个不同的分类群，即地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、土芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌、埃尔吉类芽孢杆菌、耐盐芽孢杆菌、短芽孢杆菌属、恶臭假单胞菌、人葡萄球菌和阴沟肠杆菌。基于BIOLOG系统的鉴定结果也支持了上述结果。地衣芽孢杆菌是藏红花叶片和球茎中的优势内生菌。81%的分离物显示出脂肪酶活性，57%显示出纤维素酶活性，48%显示出蛋白酶活性，38%显示出淀粉酶活性，33%显示出几丁质酶活性，29%显示出果胶酶活性。24%的分离物具有溶解磷的能力，86%显示出产生铁载体的能力，80%具有产生植物激素的潜力。目前已充分表征的藏红花细菌内生菌库具有促进植物生长的潜力，可以进一步探索它们在藏红花植物生物学中的各自作用。
