Hodas N, Loh M, Shin H-M, Li D, Bennett D, McKone T E, Jolliet O, Weschler C J, Jantunen M, Lioy P, Fantke P
Division of Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Department of Environmental Science and Management, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA.
Indoor Air. 2016 Dec;26(6):836-856. doi: 10.1111/ina.12268. Epub 2015 Dec 14.
Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM ) is a major contributor to the global human disease burden. The indoor environment is of particular importance when considering the health effects associated with PM exposures because people spend the majority of their time indoors and PM exposures per unit mass emitted indoors are two to three orders of magnitude larger than exposures to outdoor emissions. Variability in indoor PM intake fraction (iF ), which is defined as the integrated cumulative intake of PM per unit of emission, is driven by a combination of building-specific, human-specific, and pollutant-specific factors. Due to a limited availability of data characterizing these factors, however, indoor emissions and intake of PM are not commonly considered when evaluating the environmental performance of product life cycles. With the aim of addressing this barrier, a literature review was conducted and data characterizing factors influencing iF were compiled. In addition to providing data for the calculation of iF in various indoor environments and for a range of geographic regions, this paper discusses remaining limitations to the incorporation of PM -derived health impacts into life cycle assessments and makes recommendations regarding future research.
接触细颗粒物（PM）是全球人类疾病负担的主要促成因素。在考虑与PM暴露相关的健康影响时，室内环境尤为重要，因为人们大部分时间都在室内，而且室内每单位质量排放的PM暴露量比室外排放的暴露量高两到三个数量级。室内PM摄入分数（iF）的变化，定义为每单位排放量的PM综合累积摄入量，是由特定建筑、特定人群和特定污染物因素共同驱动的。然而，由于表征这些因素的数据有限，在评估产品生命周期的环境性能时，通常不考虑室内PM的排放和摄入。为了解决这一障碍，进行了文献综述，并汇编了表征影响iF因素的数据。除了提供用于计算各种室内环境和一系列地理区域中iF的数据外，本文还讨论了将PM衍生的健康影响纳入生命周期评估的剩余局限性，并就未来研究提出了建议。
