Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065; email:
Annu Rev Med. 2016;67:45-57. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-051914-022011. Epub 2015 Nov 6.
Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are being identified at an increasing frequency largely due to the increased use of abdominal cross-sectional imaging. These neoplasms represent a heterogeneous group of tumors with various genetic alterations, molecular features, and risks of malignancy. Despite the use of high-resolution radiographic studies, endoscopic evaluation, cyst fluid analysis, and novel molecular diagnostics, many of these lesions remain difficult to classify without operative resection. These diagnostic challenges are coupled with an improving but limited understanding of the natural history of these neoplasms. Treatment of pancreatic cystic neoplasms therefore remains controversial but consists largely of a selective tumor-specific approach to surgical resection. Future research remains necessary to better discriminate the biological behavior of these tumors in order to more appropriately select patients for operative intervention.
胰腺囊性肿瘤的检出率日益增高，这主要是由于腹部横断面成像的广泛应用。这些肿瘤是一组具有不同遗传改变、分子特征和恶性风险的异质性肿瘤。尽管使用了高分辨率影像学研究、内镜评估、囊液分析和新型分子诊断，但在没有手术切除的情况下，许多病变仍然难以分类。这些诊断挑战伴随着对这些肿瘤自然史的认识不断提高但仍然有限。因此，胰腺囊性肿瘤的治疗仍然存在争议，但主要包括手术切除的有针对性的肿瘤特异性方法。为了更准确地选择手术干预的患者，仍需要进一步研究以更好地区分这些肿瘤的生物学行为。
