Wen Wan-Hsin, Lai Ming-Wei, Chang Mei-Hwei
a Department of Pediatrics , Cardinal Tien Hospital , New Taipei City , Taiwan.
b School of Medicine, College of Medicine , Fu-Jen Catholic University , New Taipei City , Taiwan.
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;10(3):317-30. doi: 10.1586/17474124.2016.1120667. Epub 2015 Dec 17.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes long-term, life-threatening liver diseases worldwide. HBV is transmitted through either the horizontal or mother-to-infant route, which is the major route of transmission in endemic areas. Administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine to newborns of infected mothers prevents mother-to-infant transmission. Implementation of a universal hepatitis B vaccination program has proven successful in eliminating the infection and related complications. Nevertheless, efforts are still needed to improve global coverage of the hepatitis B vaccine. Infants born to highly viremic mothers are still at risk of infection despite current immunoprophylaxis. An increasing number of reports have shown promising efficacy and safety profiles with the use of nucleoside/nucleotide analogues in highly viremic pregnant women to prevent mother-to-infant transmission.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染在全球范围内导致长期的、危及生命的肝脏疾病。HBV通过水平传播或母婴传播途径传播，母婴传播是流行地区的主要传播途径。给感染母亲的新生儿接种乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白和乙型肝炎疫苗可预防母婴传播。实施普遍的乙型肝炎疫苗接种计划已被证明在消除感染和相关并发症方面是成功的。然而，仍需努力提高全球乙型肝炎疫苗的接种覆盖率。尽管目前有免疫预防措施，但高病毒血症母亲所生的婴儿仍有感染风险。越来越多的报告显示，在高病毒血症孕妇中使用核苷/核苷酸类似物预防母婴传播具有良好的疗效和安全性。
