雄激素受体在乳腺癌中的作用
The Role of Androgen Receptor in Breast Cancer.
作者信息
Iacopetta Domenico, Rechoum Yassine, Fuqua Suzanne Aw
机构信息
Department of Pharmaco-Biology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, UNITED STATES, 7137981671.
出版信息
Drug Discov Today Dis Mech. 2012 Summer;9(1-2):e19-e27. doi: 10.1016/j.ddmec.2012.11.003.
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a proven clinical target in prostate cancer. Recent research indicates that it is an emerging hormonal target in breast cancer as well, with potential clinical benefit in both estrogen receptor(ER) positive and negative tumors. Compared to the ER, AR contains unique functional domains with relevance to its altered role in human breast cancer. The majority of ER-positive tumors express AR, and a significant percentage of ER-negative tumors might benefit from combined targeting of AR and the ErbB2/HER2 oncogene. Signaling downstream of AR might also affect many clinically important pathways which are also emerging clinical targets in breast cancer. AR expression might also play a role during tumor progression to metastatic disease. The role of AR as a new important biomarker in breast cancer will be reviewed herein.
摘要
雄激素受体（AR）是前列腺癌中已被证实的临床靶点。近期研究表明，它也是乳腺癌中一个新兴的激素靶点，对雌激素受体（ER）阳性和阴性肿瘤均具有潜在临床益处。与ER相比，AR含有独特的功能结构域，这与其在人类乳腺癌中角色的改变相关。大多数ER阳性肿瘤表达AR，且相当比例的ER阴性肿瘤可能受益于AR与ErbB2/HER2癌基因的联合靶向治疗。AR下游信号传导也可能影响许多临床上重要的通路，而这些通路同样也是乳腺癌中正在出现的临床靶点。AR表达在肿瘤进展至转移性疾病过程中可能也发挥作用。本文将综述AR作为乳腺癌新的重要生物标志物的作用。
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本文引用的文献
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The growth response to androgen receptor signaling in ERα-negative human breast cells is dependent on p21 and mediated by MAPK activation.在雌激素受体α阴性的人类乳腺细胞中，雄激素受体信号对细胞生长的反应依赖于 p21，并通过 MAPK 的激活来介导。
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Androgen receptor expression is usually maintained in initial surgically resected breast cancer metastases but is often lost in end-stage metastases found at autopsy.雄激素受体表达在初始手术切除的乳腺癌转移中通常得到维持，但在尸检时发现的终末期转移中常丢失。
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