Bootsma Reinoud J, Ledouit Simon, Casanova Remy, Zaal Frank T J M
Institut des Sciences du Mouvement, Aix-Marseille Université
Centre for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2016 Apr;42(4):517-29. doi: 10.1037/xhp0000162. Epub 2015 Nov 16.
Previous work on locomotor interception of a target moving in the transverse plane has suggested that interception is achieved by maintaining the target's bearing angle (often inadvertently confused and/or confounded with the target heading angle) at a constant value. However, dynamics-based model simulations testing the veracity of the underlying control strategy of nulling the rate of change in the bearing angle have been restricted to limited conditions of target motion, and only a few alternatives have been considered. Exploring a wide range of target motion characteristics with straight and curving ball trajectories in a virtual reality setting, we examined how soccer goalkeepers moved along the goal line to intercept long-range shots on goal, a situation in which interception is naturally constrained to movement along a single dimension. Analyses of the movement patterns suggested reliance on combinations of optical position and velocity for straight trajectories and optical velocity and acceleration for curving trajectories. As an alternative to combining such standard integer-order derivatives, we demonstrate with a simple dynamical model that nulling a single informational variable of a self-tuned fractional (rather than integer) order efficiently captures the timing and patterning of the observed interception behaviors. This new perspective could fundamentally change the conception of what perceptual systems may actually provide, both in humans and in other animals. (PsycINFO Database Record
先前关于在横向平面中运动拦截目标的研究表明，拦截是通过将目标的方位角（常被无意地与目标航向角混淆和/或混淆）保持在恒定值来实现的。然而，基于动力学的模型模拟测试使方位角变化率归零的潜在控制策略的准确性，一直局限于目标运动的有限条件，并且只考虑了少数几种替代方案。在虚拟现实环境中，通过直线和曲线球轨迹探索广泛的目标运动特征，我们研究了足球守门员如何沿着球门线移动以拦截远距离射门，在这种情况下，拦截自然地被限制在沿单一维度的运动。对运动模式的分析表明，对于直线轨迹依赖光学位置和速度的组合，对于曲线轨迹依赖光学速度和加速度。作为组合此类标准整数阶导数的替代方案，我们用一个简单的动力学模型证明，使自调谐分数（而非整数）阶的单个信息变量归零能有效地捕捉观察到的拦截行为的时间和模式。这种新观点可能从根本上改变对人类和其他动物感知系统实际可能提供的东西的概念。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
