Wagner Isabella C, van Buuren Mariët, Kroes Marijn C W, Gutteling Tjerk P, van der Linden Marieke, Morris Richard G, Fernández Guillén
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Elife. 2015 Nov 17;4:e09668. doi: 10.7554/eLife.09668.
Mental schemas form associative knowledge structures that can promote the encoding and consolidation of new and related information. Schemas are facilitated by a distributed system that stores components separately, presumably in the form of inter-connected neocortical representations. During retrieval, these components need to be recombined into one representation, but where exactly such recombination takes place is unclear. Thus, we asked where different schema components are neuronally represented and converge during retrieval. Subjects acquired and retrieved two well-controlled, rule-based schema structures during fMRI on consecutive days. Schema retrieval was associated with midline, medial-temporal, and parietal processing. We identified the multi-voxel representations of different schema components, which converged within the angular gyrus during retrieval. Critically, convergence only happened after 24-hour-consolidation and during a transfer test where schema material was applied to novel but related trials. Therefore, the angular gyrus appears to recombine consolidated schema components into one memory representation.
心理图式形成关联知识结构，可促进新的相关信息的编码和巩固。图式由一个分布式系统推动，该系统将组件分别存储，大概是以相互连接的新皮质表征的形式。在检索过程中，这些组件需要重新组合成一个表征，但这种重组具体发生在哪里尚不清楚。因此，我们询问不同的图式组件在神经元层面上在检索过程中是如何被表征以及汇聚的。受试者在连续两天的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）过程中获取并检索了两种严格控制的、基于规则的图式结构。图式检索与中线、内侧颞叶和顶叶处理相关。我们确定了不同图式组件的多体素表征，这些表征在检索过程中在角回内汇聚。至关重要的是，汇聚仅在24小时巩固后以及在将图式材料应用于新颖但相关试验的迁移测试期间发生。因此，角回似乎将巩固的图式组件重新组合成一个记忆表征。
