Conti Fabio, Dall'Agata Marco, Gramenzi Annagiulia, Biselli Maurizio
Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardiorespiratoria, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
Biomark Med. 2015;9(12):1343-51. doi: 10.2217/bmm.15.100. Epub 2015 Nov 18.
The early detection of bacterial infections and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) could ameliorate the prognosis of cirrhosis. C-reactive protein and procalcitonin are under investigation in the setting of cirrhosis as markers of sepsis. In the attempt to discriminate bacterial infection from systemic inflammation, the role of novel biomarkers such as lypopolysaccharide binding-protein, mid-regional fragment of pro-adrenomedullin and delta neutrophil index are currently in development. Concerning HCC, many studies attempted to evaluate biomarkers in the hope of ameliorating the accuracy of the surveillance based on ultrasound. The use of α-fetoprotein (AFP) has been extensively investigated, as well as other biomarkers expressed in the serum of HCC patients like lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP, des-γ-carboxy prothrombin, glypican-3, α-l-fucosidase and their combined use.
细菌感染和肝细胞癌（HCC）的早期检测可改善肝硬化的预后。目前正在对C反应蛋白和降钙素原进行研究，以确定其作为肝硬化患者脓毒症标志物的价值。为了区分细菌感染与全身炎症，新型生物标志物如脂多糖结合蛋白、肾上腺髓质素原中段片段和δ中性粒细胞指数的作用目前正在研究中。关于HCC，许多研究试图评估生物标志物，以期提高基于超声的监测准确性。甲胎蛋白（AFP）的应用已得到广泛研究，HCC患者血清中表达的其他生物标志物如AFP的豆凝集素反应性部分、去γ羧基凝血酶原、磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖-3、α-L-岩藻糖苷酶及其联合应用也得到了广泛研究。
