Senadheera Senadheera Pathirannehelage Anuruddhika Subhashinie, Ekanayake Sagarika, Wanigatunge Chandanie
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2015 Nov 19;15:410. doi: 10.1186/s12906-015-0935-6.
Leaf extracts of Scoparia dulcis, is used as a herbal remedy by diabetics worldwide. Fresh Scoparia dulcis porridge elicited a low glycaemic index (GI) and anti-hyperglycaemic effects when fed to diabetic Wistar rats. Commercially produced Scoparia dulcis porridge (SDC) elicited medium GI. Present study was aimed at studying the anti-diabetic effects of consumption of commercially produced S. dulcis porridge.
A randomized crossover clinical trial with type 2 diabetic patients (n = 35) on medication, with mild and moderate diabetes [fasting blood glucose (FBG) 126-300 mg/dL, age 35-70 years] was conducted. Within the first three months (study period 1) group 1 was the test and group 2 was the control. Following a wash-out period, the two groups were crossed over (study period 2: group 1 - control; group 2 - test). Test group consumed commercially produced SDC for 3 days/week for three months and the control group any other food. At the onset and end of each study period glucose measurements [Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), HbA1c], lipid measurements (total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, cholesterol ratios), toxicity parameters (liver enzymes, creatinine, CRP, eGFR) were analyzed by enzyme assay kit methods using a KONELAB 20XT auto analyzer. Significances between groups were analyzed by one way ANOVA (normal distribution) and Mann Whitney test (if the values were not normally distributed). Within group comparisons were carried out by Bonferroni post hoc test.
During the crossover clinical trial HbA1c of group 1 decreased from 7.9 ± 0.5 to 6.5 ± 0.3 (p = 0.003) while HbA1c of group 2 decreased from 7.0 ± 0.3to 6.7 ± 0.3 while in the test group. Therefore, both test groups (1 and 2) elicited a decrease in HbA1c compared to respective control groups. Both test groups elicited a non significant decrease in FBG following the intervention (group 1 - from 174 ± 14 to 160 ± 10 mg/dL; group 2 - from 183 ± 13 to 160 ± 7 mg/dL). No significant differences (p >0.05) in insulin, cholesterol measurements (total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides and cholesterol ratios) and atherogenic index between or within groups were observed. All other measurements (AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, CRP, eGFR) were normal and not significantly different between or within groups.
Porridge made with SDC leaf extract decreased FBG and HbA1c (p >0.05) of type 2 diabetic patients. The porridge had no effect on cholesterol measurements and no toxicity was observed at the dose tested. Therefore, the SDC porridge can be recommended as a suitable meal for diabetic patients.
甜地丁叶提取物被全球糖尿病患者用作草药疗法。给糖尿病Wistar大鼠喂食新鲜甜地丁粥时，其具有低血糖指数（GI）和抗高血糖作用。市售甜地丁粥（SDC）具有中等GI。本研究旨在探讨食用市售甜地丁粥的抗糖尿病作用。
对35例正在接受药物治疗的2型糖尿病患者（轻度和中度糖尿病，空腹血糖（FBG）126 - 300 mg/dL，年龄35 - 70岁）进行了一项随机交叉临床试验。在最初的三个月（研究期1），第1组为试验组，第2组为对照组。经过洗脱期后，两组进行交叉（研究期2：第1组 - 对照组；第2组 - 试验组）。试验组每周食用市售SDC 3天，持续三个月，对照组食用其他任何食物。在每个研究期开始和结束时，使用KONELAB 20XT自动分析仪通过酶试剂盒方法分析血糖测量值[空腹血糖（FBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）]、血脂测量值（总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、胆固醇比值）、毒性参数（肝酶、肌酐、C反应蛋白、估算肾小球滤过率）。组间差异采用单因素方差分析（正态分布）和曼-惠特尼检验（如果值不呈正态分布）进行分析。组内比较采用Bonferroni事后检验。
在交叉临床试验期间，第1组的HbA1c从7.9±0.5降至6.5±0.3（p = 0.003），而第2组的HbA1c从7.0±0.3降至6.7±0.3，而试验组中，第1组和第2组的HbA1c与各自对照组相比均有所下降。干预后，两个试验组的FBG均有非显著性下降（第1组 - 从174±14降至160±10 mg/dL；第2组 - 从183±13降至160±7 mg/dL）。组间或组内胰岛素、胆固醇测量值（总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯和胆固醇比值）以及动脉粥样硬化指数均无显著差异（p>0.05）。所有其他测量值（谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、肌酐、C反应蛋白、估算肾小球滤过率）均正常，组间或组内无显著差异。
用SDC叶提取物制成的粥可降低2型糖尿病患者的FBG和HbA1c（p>0.05）。该粥对胆固醇测量无影响，在测试剂量下未观察到毒性。因此，SDC粥可推荐作为糖尿病患者的合适膳食。
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