Wang Long-tao, Duan Bing-zheng, Zhao Jian-wei, Hua Yu-mei, Zhu Duan-wei
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2015 Aug;36(8):2809-16.
Six kinds of impermeable underlying surface, cement tile roof, asbestos roof, cement flat roof, residential concrete pavement, asphalt pavement of restaurants, asphalt pavement of oil depot, and a combined sewer overflow canal in the Jiansheng town of Dadukou district in Chongqing city were chosen as sample plots to study the characteristics of nutritional pollutants and heavy metals in town runoff. The research showed that the average mass concentrations of TSS, COD, TN, TP in road runoff were (1681.2 +/- 677.2), (1154.7 +/- 415.5), (12.07 +/- 2.72), (3.32 +/- 1.15) mgL(-1), respectively. These pollutants were higher than those in roof runoff which were (13.3 +/- 6.5), (100.4 +/- 24.8), (3.58 +/- 0.70), (0.10 +/- 0.02) mg x L(-1), respectively. TDN accounted for 62.60% +/- 34.38% of TN, and TDP accounted for 42.22% +/- 33.94% of TP in the runoff of impermeable underlying surface. Compared with the central urban runoff, town runoff in our study had higher mass concentrations of these pollutants. The mass concentrations of TSS, COD, TDN, TN, TDP and TP in the combined sewer overflow were (281.57 +/- 308.38), (231.21 +/- 42.95), (8.16 +/- 2.78), (10.60 +/- 3.94), (0.38 +/- 0.23) and (1.51 +/- 0.75) mg x L(-1), respectively. The average levels of heavy metals in this kind of runoff did not exceed the class VI level of the surface water environmental quality standard. Most pollutants in the combined sewer overflow had first flush. However, this phenomenon was very rare for TSS. There was a significant positive correlation between TSS and COD, TP in the combined sewer overflow. And this correlation was significant between NH4+ -N and TP, TDP, TN, TDP. However, a negative correlation existed between NO3- -N and all other indicators.
选取重庆市大渡口区建胜镇6种不透水的下垫面，即水泥瓦屋顶、石棉瓦屋顶、水泥平屋顶、居民混凝土路面、餐馆沥青路面、油库沥青路面以及一条合流制溢流渠作为样地，研究城镇径流中营养性污染物和重金属的特征。研究表明，道路径流中总悬浮物（TSS）、化学需氧量（COD）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）的平均质量浓度分别为（1681.2±677.2）、（1154.7±415.5）、（12.07±2.72）、（3.32±1.15）mg·L⁻¹，这些污染物高于屋顶径流中的相应浓度，屋顶径流中TSS、COD、TN、TP的浓度分别为（13.3±6.5）、（100.4±24.8）、（3.58±0.70）、（0.10±0.02）mg·L⁻¹。不透水下垫面径流中溶解性总氮（TDN）占TN的62.60%±34.38%，溶解性总磷（TDP）占TP的42.22%±33.94%。与中心城区径流相比，本研究中的城镇径流这些污染物的质量浓度更高。合流制溢流中TSS、COD、TDN、TN、TDP和TP的质量浓度分别为（281.57±308.38）、（231.21±42.95）（8.16±2.78）、（10.60±3.94）、（0.38±0.23）和（1.51±0.75）mg·L⁻¹。这类径流中重金属的平均含量未超过地表水环境质量标准Ⅵ类水平。合流制溢流中的大多数污染物存在初期冲刷现象。然而，TSS出现这种现象的情况非常少见。合流制溢流中TSS与COD、TP之间存在显著正相关。铵态氮（NH₄⁺-N）与TP、TDP、TN、TDP之间的相关性也显著。然而，硝态氮（NO₃⁻-N）与所有其他指标之间存在负相关。
