Meyer S, Grundmann U, Reinert J, Gortner L
Klinik für Allgemeine Pädiatrie und Neonatologie, Bereich Pädiatrische und Neonatologische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Kirrbergerstr. 9, 66421, Homburg, Deutschland.
Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg, Deutschland.
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2016 Feb;111(1):65-77. doi: 10.1007/s00063-015-0113-0. Epub 2015 Nov 23.
Life-threatening pediatric emergencies are relatively rare in the prehospital setting; therefore, the treating emergency physician may not always be familiar with and well trained in these situations. However, pediatric emergencies require early recognition and initiation of specific diagnostic and therapeutic interventions to prevent further complications. Treatment of pediatric emergencies follows current recommendations as detailed in published international guidelines. The aim of this review is to provide specific information with regard to respiratory, cardiac and neurological medical emergencies commnly encountered in children in the prehospital setting. It is not the aim of this review article to provide specific guidance with regard to a variety of surgical emergencies. Due to improved treatment modalities the emergency medical team may also be confronted with acutely ill children with very severe and complex underlying clinical syndromes (e.g. complex cardiac malformations and syndromic genetic disorders). This article also provides specific information with regard to treatment of this susceptible and vulnerable patient cohort.
危及生命的儿科急症在院前环境中相对少见；因此，进行治疗的急诊医生可能并不总是熟悉这些情况，也未接受过充分的相关培训。然而，儿科急症需要早期识别并启动特定的诊断和治疗干预措施，以预防进一步的并发症。儿科急症的治疗遵循已发布的国际指南中详述的现行建议。本综述的目的是提供有关院前环境中儿童常见的呼吸、心脏和神经科医疗急症的具体信息。本综述文章的目的并非针对各种外科急症提供具体指导。由于治疗方式的改进，急诊医疗团队可能还会遇到患有非常严重和复杂潜在临床综合征（如复杂心脏畸形和综合征性遗传疾病）的急症患儿。本文还提供了有关治疗这一易感且脆弱患者群体的具体信息。
