Jacobson B J, Rock A R, Cohn M S, Litovitz T
US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Directorate for Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20207.
Am J Public Health. 1989 Jul;79(7):853-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.79.7.853.
Accidental ingestion of oral prescription drugs by children under age five continues to be a public health problem. A telephone survey of 1,866 ingestion incidents reported to nine poison control centers was conducted in the spring of 1986. Accidental ingestion occurred most often with a two-year-old child (42 per cent) in their own home (82 per cent). Thirty-five per cent of the toxic drugs ingested at home belonged to someone other than the immediate family, most often a grandparent. Toxic drugs were more often out of their usual storage location and in non-child-resistant prescription packaging, a nonprescription container, or in no container. Twenty-two per cent of all child-resistant packages were non-functional. Overall, at least 61 per cent of all medications had no child-resistant barrier at the time of ingestion. Accessible storage locations such as the kitchen counter, table top, or top of a dresser or bedside table greatly increased the risk of accidental ingestion. These results suggest the need for effective child-resistant packaging that is easier for all adults to use.
五岁以下儿童意外摄入口服处方药仍是一个公共卫生问题。1986年春季，对向九个中毒控制中心报告的1866起摄入事件进行了电话调查。意外摄入最常发生在两岁儿童身上（42%），且发生在他们自己家中（82%）。在家中摄入的有毒药物中，35%属于直系亲属以外的人，最常见的是祖父母。有毒药物更常放在其通常的储存位置之外，且装在非儿童安全的处方包装、非处方容器或无容器中。所有儿童安全包装中，22%无法正常使用。总体而言，所有药物中至少61%在摄入时没有儿童安全防护。厨房柜台、桌面、梳妆台顶部或床头柜顶部等易于拿到的储存位置大大增加了意外摄入的风险。这些结果表明需要有效的儿童安全包装，且所有成年人都更容易使用。
