Rodgers G B
Directorate for Economic Analysis, US Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207, USA.
JAMA. 1996 Jun 5;275(21):1661-5.
To evaluate the effectiveness of child-resistant packaging in reducing the mortality rate for children younger than 5 years from the unintentional ingestion of oral prescription drugs.
Annual mortality rates for children younger than 5 years associated with the unintentional ingestion of oral prescription drugs are constructed for 1964 through 1992. The effect of child-resistant packaging on the child mortality rate during the postintervention period (1974 through 1992) is evaluated with a multivariate time series regression model. The analysis controls for changes in the consumption of oral prescription drugs over time and for long-term safety trends.
United States.
Children younger than 5 years.
Estimated reductions in the child mortality rate associated with the use of child-resistant packaging.
After controlling for covariates, the use of child-resistant packaging was associated with an annual reduction in the oral prescription drug-related mortality rate of 1.40 (95% confidence interval, 0.85-1.95) deaths per million children younger than 5 years. This suggests a reduction of about 460 child deaths from 1974, the year oral prescription drugs became subject to child-resistant packaging requirements, through 1992-a mortality rate reduction of about 45% from levels projected without the child-resistant requirements.
Child-resistant packaging reduces child mortality from the unintentional ingestion of oral prescription drugs.
评估儿童安全包装在降低5岁以下儿童因意外误服口服处方药导致的死亡率方面的有效性。
构建1964年至1992年期间5岁以下儿童因意外误服口服处方药的年度死亡率。采用多元时间序列回归模型评估干预后时期（1974年至1992年）儿童安全包装对儿童死亡率的影响。该分析控制了口服处方药消费量随时间的变化以及长期安全趋势。
美国。
5岁以下儿童。
使用儿童安全包装相关的儿童死亡率估计降低情况。
在控制协变量后，使用儿童安全包装与5岁以下儿童每百万人口中口服处方药相关死亡率每年降低1.40例（95%置信区间，0.85 - 1.95）相关。这表明从1974年（口服处方药开始实行儿童安全包装要求的年份）到1992年，约减少了460例儿童死亡——与没有儿童安全包装要求时预计的死亡率相比，死亡率降低了约45%。
儿童安全包装可降低因意外误服口服处方药导致的儿童死亡率。
