Fallah Zahra, Kelishadi Roya, Heshmat Ramin, Motlagh Mohammad Esmaeil, Ardalan Gelayol, Kasaeian Amir, Asayesh Hamid, Qorbani Mostafa
Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Student Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Res Med Sci. 2015 Jul;20(7):646-55. doi: 10.4103/1735-1995.166210.
Hypertension is a major leading factor for global burden of diseases. Blood pressure (BP) tracks from childhood to adulthood. So, it is important to investigate its aff ecting factors. In this study we aimed to compare the BP status in the Iranian pediatric population according to the socioeconomic status (SES) of their living area.
In this nationwide study, a representative sample of 14,880 students, aged 6-18 years was chosen by multistage random cluster sampling from 30 provinces in Iran. Anthropometric indices and BP were measured. A validated questionnaire, including the questions of the World Health Organization Global School-based Student Health Survey was completed. Findings were compared across the four regions of the country, categorized based on their elevating SES: Southeast, north-northeast, west, and central.
Participants consisted of 13,486 children and adolescents, that is, a participation rate of 90.6%, composed of 49.2% girls and 75.6% urban residents. The mean (standard deviation) age of participants was 12.47 (3.36) years. The region with highest SES (central) had the lowest rate of high BP (HBP), that is, 3.0% (95% of confidence interval [CI]: 2.4-3.9), and the region with lowest SES (southeast) had the highest rate, that is, 7.4% (4.4-12.2). The mean (95% CI) values of systolic BP for the four regions from lowest to highest SES were 100.5 (99.6-101.3), 100.9 (100.3-101.4), 101.7 (101.3-102), and 101.7 (101.2-102.1) mmHg. The corresponding mean Diastolic BP values were as follows: 65.4 (64.6-66.1), 63.4 (62.9-63.8), 65.6 (65.3-65.8), and 64.4 (64.0-64.7) mmHg.
We found significant differences in mean BP and the frequency of HBP according to the SES of the living area. Further studies are necessary to find the underlying factors resulting in such differences.
高血压是全球疾病负担的主要因素。血压从儿童期到成年期具有轨迹性。因此，研究其影响因素很重要。在本研究中，我们旨在根据伊朗儿童居住地区的社会经济地位（SES）比较其血压状况。
在这项全国性研究中，通过多阶段随机整群抽样从伊朗30个省份选取了14880名6至18岁学生的代表性样本。测量了人体测量指标和血压。完成了一份经过验证的问卷，其中包括世界卫生组织全球学校学生健康调查的问题。根据社会经济地位升高情况分为四个区域对结果进行比较：东南部、东北北部、西部和中部。
参与者包括13486名儿童和青少年，参与率为90.6%，其中女孩占49.2%，城市居民占75.6%。参与者的平均（标准差）年龄为12.47（3.36）岁。社会经济地位最高的地区（中部）高血压（HBP）发生率最低，为3.0%（95%置信区间[CI]：2.4 - 3.9），社会经济地位最低的地区（东南部）发生率最高，为7.4%（4.4 - 12.2）。社会经济地位从低到高的四个区域收缩压的平均（95%CI）值分别为：100.5（99.6 - 101.3）、100.9（100.3 - 101.4）、101.7（101.3 - 102）和101.7（101.2 - 102.1）mmHg。相应的舒张压平均值如下：65.4（64.6 - 66.1）、63.4（62.9 - 63.8）、65.6（65.3 - 65.8）和64.4（64.0 - 64.7）mmHg。
我们发现根据居住地区的社会经济地位，平均血压和高血压频率存在显著差异。有必要进行进一步研究以找出导致这些差异的潜在因素。
