Pediatr Nephrol. 2013 Dec;28(12):2351-9. doi: 10.1007/s00467-013-2596-3.
High blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Blood pressure tracking could help to identify individuals with potential hypertension. Therefore, we have asked whether or not tracking was of predictive value for the development of hypertension in early life.
Blood pressure was routinely measured in 13,261 children and adolescents in outpatient clinics as well as during hospitalization. In one analysis, 568 individuals with elevated and normotensive blood pressure values were evaluated after 2, 4, and 6 years of follow-up. In a second analysis, 2,157 individuals with normotensive blood pressure were examined in a paired t test.
The follow-up analysis showed a significant tracking effect. However, the Pearson correlation coefficients of the systolic and diastolic blood pressure standard deviation scores (SDS) decreased over time. Upon the follow-up after 6 years, 35.6 % of the children and adolescents with elevated blood pressure values remained in the elevated range group. Of the children within the normotensive blood pressure range, 80.4 % remained normotensive after 6 years. Children with normotensive blood pressure showed a stronger tracking than those who had had one hypertensive blood pressure reading. Children with higher body mass index (BMI) at follow-up changed blood pressure SDS track from initially normal to higher blood pressure values.
Blood pressure tracking in children and adolescents is moderate. We conclude that the predictive power of a single hypertensive blood pressure measurement during a single visit is rather small, and thus repetitive measurements across several consecutive visits are necessary.
高血压是心血管疾病的主要危险因素。血压监测有助于识别有潜在高血压的个体。因此，我们询问了血压监测是否对早期生命中高血压的发展具有预测价值。
在门诊和住院期间，对 13261 名儿童和青少年常规测量血压。在一项分析中，对 568 名血压升高和正常血压的个体进行了 2、4 和 6 年的随访评估。在第二项分析中，对 2157 名血压正常的个体进行了配对 t 检验。
随访分析显示出显著的跟踪效应。然而，收缩压和舒张压标准差评分（SDS）的皮尔逊相关系数随着时间的推移而降低。在 6 年的随访后，35.6%的血压升高的儿童和青少年仍处于升高范围组。在血压正常的儿童中，80.4%在 6 年后仍保持血压正常。血压正常的儿童的跟踪能力强于仅一次高血压读数的儿童。在随访时体重指数（BMI）较高的儿童，其血压 SDS 跟踪从最初正常变为较高的血压值。
儿童和青少年的血压跟踪是适度的。我们得出结论，单次就诊时单次高血压测量的预测能力相当小，因此需要在几个连续就诊时进行重复测量。
