Eaton Sally A, Jayasooriah Navind, Buckland Michael E, Martin David Ik, Cropley Jennifer E, Suter Catherine M
Molecular Structural & Computational Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Epigenomics. 2015 Oct;7(7):1165-71. doi: 10.2217/epi.15.58. Epub 2015 Aug 27.
The ability of environmental exposures to induce phenotypic change across multiple generations of offspring has gathered an enormous amount of interest in recent years. There are by now many examples of nongenetic transgenerational effects of environmental exposures, covering a broad range of stressors. Available evidence indicates that epigenetic inheritance may mediate at least some of these transgenerational effects, but how environmental exposures induce changes to the epigenome of the germline is unknown. One possibility is that exposed somatic cells can communicate their exposures to the germline to induce a stable change. In this Perspective, we propose that extracellular vesicles shed by somatic cells represent a credible means by which environmental experience could effect a transmissible epigenetic change in the germline, leading to the inheritance of acquired traits.
近年来，环境暴露在多代后代中诱导表型变化的能力引发了极大的关注。目前，环境暴露的非遗传跨代效应已有许多实例，涵盖了广泛的应激源。现有证据表明，表观遗传遗传可能介导了至少部分此类跨代效应，但环境暴露如何诱导生殖系表观基因组的变化尚不清楚。一种可能性是，暴露的体细胞可以将其暴露情况传递给生殖系，以诱导稳定的变化。在本观点文章中，我们提出，体细胞释放的细胞外囊泡是一种可靠的方式，通过这种方式，环境经历可以在生殖系中引起可传递的表观遗传变化，从而导致获得性性状的遗传。
