Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
Curr Obes Rep. 2014 Mar;3(1):67-78. doi: 10.1007/s13679-013-0089-0.
This review summarizes evidence from two projects embedded within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) on the association between dietary factors and obesity risk, in particular change in weight and waist circumference. A total of 12 publications from DiOGenes and six from EPIC-PANACEA were reviewed. The results show that dietary fiber, especially cereal fiber, was inversely associated with weight or waist change, as well as fruit/vegetable intake and the Mediterranean dietary pattern. Energy density and meat consumption were positively associated with the anthropometric changes, as was glycemic index with waist change. Clear associations with macronutrient composition were not observed. In additional studies, interactions with genetic polymorphism were investigated and shown to be present for protein intake and GI, although effect estimates were small. These interactions require replication. These results show that in European populations dietary factors are independently associated with weight/waist change. The findings provide further clues for the prevention of obesity.
这篇综述总结了两个嵌入在欧洲癌症前瞻性调查与营养研究（EPIC）中的项目的证据，这些证据表明饮食因素与肥胖风险之间存在关联，特别是体重和腰围的变化。本文综述了 DiOGenes 项目的 12 篇出版物和 EPIC-PANACEA 项目的 6 篇出版物。结果表明，膳食纤维，特别是谷物纤维，与体重或腰围的变化呈负相关，与水果/蔬菜的摄入和地中海饮食模式也呈负相关。能量密度和肉类的摄入与人体测量学的变化呈正相关，血糖指数与腰围的变化也呈正相关。没有观察到与宏量营养素组成的明确关联。在其他研究中，还研究了与遗传多态性的相互作用，并表明蛋白质摄入和 GI 存在相互作用，尽管效应估计值较小。这些相互作用需要进一步验证。这些结果表明，在欧洲人群中，饮食因素与体重/腰围的变化独立相关。这些发现为肥胖的预防提供了进一步的线索。
